河南省高碘地区水碘与重点人群碘营养结果分析  

Analysis of iodine content in water in high-iodine areas in Henan and iodine nutrition in key populations in the area

作　　者：郑合明[1] 王传刚[1] 孙宁[1] 李小烽[1] 杨金[1] 王燕丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第2期326-328,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(3023033)

摘　　要：目的了解高碘地区外环境中饮用水碘含量和重点人群的碘营养状态以及病情的变化趋势。方法选择水碘在50～99μg/L、100—149μg/L、150—299μg/L、≥300μg/L的村，每个水碘水平选择9个村小学开展8～10岁儿童甲状腺肿及尿碘含量调查，学校所在村孕妇尿碘含量调查。同时采集8～10岁儿童及孕妇家庭食用盐进行半定量检测，剔除食用含碘食盐的样本。结果本次共应用B超检测8～10岁儿童837名，发现20人甲状腺肿大，平均肿大率为2．4％。按照水碘分层，水碘在50—99μg/L及水碘≥300μg//L组甲状腺肿大率为4％。检测8～10岁儿童尿碘1184份，尿碘中位数为342．4μg/L。调查孕妇尿碘543份，尿碘中位数为318．2μg/L。在水碘大于99μg/L的各组，无论是儿童或是孕妇尿碘中位数均大于300μg/L，且大于300μg/L的比例超过60％。在水碘低于100μg/L组，儿童和孕妇的尿碘中位数均低于300．0μg/L，明显低于其他水碘在100斗g几以上地区孕妇的尿碘中位数。结论在高碘地区落实停供碘盐的防治措施后，高碘甲状腺肿已经低于5％，在水碘大于100μg/L地区，儿童和孕妇尿碘处于碘过量状态。提示在高碘地区除了落实供应不加碘食用盐以外还需要改水采取降碘措施。Objective To identify the iodine content in drinking water and the iodine nutritional status of children and pregnant women, as well as the severity of children goiter. Methods From the villages of water iodine level in the ranges of 50-99 μg/L, 100- 149 μg/L, 150-299 μg/L and 〉300 μg/L, we chose 9 primary schools in each water iodine level group to investigate the urinary iodine content and the goiter situation in children of age 8-10, and also determined the urinary iodine content of pregnant women in the corresponding villages. We also collected the study objects＇ family-used edible salt samples for semi-quantitive analysis to ex- clude the impact of the diet iodine. Results A total of 837 children aged 8-10 took B-supersonic inspection on thyroid glands, and 20 of them had goiter. The average goiter rate were 2.4%. For villages of water iodine level in 50-99μg/L and ≥ 300 μg/L, the children goiter rate were 4%. 1184 urinary samples of 8-10 years old children were collected, and the median urinary iodine of these samples were 342.4 μg/L. 543 urinary samples of pregnant women were collected, and the median urinary iodine were 318.2 μg/L. In the groups with water iodine level greater than 99 μg/L, both children and pregnant women＇s median urinary iodine were over 300 μg/L, and over 60% of them had urinary iodine greater than 300 μg/L. In the groups with water iodine less than 100 μg/L, both children and pregnant women＇s median urinary iodine were less than 300 μg/L, significantly lower than other groups with water iodine over 100 μg/L. Conclusion After stopping the supply of iodine salt in the high water-borne areas, the children goiter has been reduced to a level below 5%, but in the area with water iodine over 100 μg/L, children and pregnant women urine still contain excessive iodine, suggesting that in the area with excessive water-borne iodine, besides stopping iodine salt supply, some measures must be taken to lower the iodine level in water supply.

关 键 词：水源性高碘 碘营养 甲状腺肿大 

分 类 号：R581.3[医药卫生—内分泌]