高碳石煤循环流化床焙烧灰渣酸浸提钒试验研究  

Acid Leaching for Extracting Vanadium from Residue of High-Carbon Stone Coal after CFB Combustion

作　　者：李龙涛[1] 曾伟强[1] 施正伦[1] 蒋啸[1] 祝培旺[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学能源清洁利用国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《稀有金属》2014年第1期123-129,共7页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y1080393)资助

摘　　要：以西北某省高碳石煤为研究对象,通过石煤循环流化床焙烧,灰渣直接酸浸提钒实现碳、钒资源的综合利用。在对石煤中钒的赋存状态进行分析的基础上,考察高碳石煤循环流化床的焙烧特性,同时针对硫酸浓度、酸浸温度、酸浸时间、液固比等因素对钒浸出率的影响,进行了灰渣酸浸提钒的试验研究。研究结果表明:钒主要赋存于钒云母和铁铝氧化物中,分别占总钒含量的73.89%和14.78%;循环流化床焙烧温度为850℃时,燃烧效率可达69.17%,高碳石煤热能得到了有效利用,同时,焙烧脱碳也有利于钒的富集,对灰渣酸浸提钒过程中钒浸出率的提高亦有正面影响作用;赋存于不同矿物中的钒浸取难度不同,游离氧化物中的钒最易浸出,铁铝氧化物中的钒较易浸出,钒云母矿物中的钒最难以浸出;硫酸浓度、酸浸温度、酸浸时间、液固比等对钒的浸出均有影响,而硫酸浓度和酸浸温度的影响更为显著。较适宜的酸浸条件为:硫酸浓度6 mol·L-1,酸浸温度110℃,酸浸时间2 h,液固比2.5∶1.0。在此条件下,钒浸出率可达88.61%。With a high-carbon stone coal from the northwest of China as the research object, the author would obtain heat energy to generate electricity by circulating fluidized bed （ CFB ） combustion and extract vanadium with sulfuric acid leaching from residue of stone coal to achieve the comprehensive utilization of carbon and vanadium resources. Based on the analysis of vanadium occurrence in stone coal, CFB roasting characteristics were studied, and experiments of vanadium extraction by ash acid leaching were performed to figure out the effect of the concentration of sulfuric acid, leaching temperature, leaching time and liquid to solid ratio on the leaching rate of vanadium. The results showed that vanadium in the stone coal mainly existed in roscoelite and iron and aluminum oxides, occup- ying 73.89% and 14. 78% respectively of the total vanadium. When the roasting temperature was 850 ℃, combustion efficiency of 69. 17% showed that the heat energy of stone coal could be effectively used through CFB combustion, and roasting was in favor of the enrichment of vanadium, which had a positive effect on the improvement of vanadium extraction. Recovery of vanadium would vary in difficuhy for different minerals containing vanadium, vanadium extraction in free oxide was the easiest, then iron and aluminum oxides, vanadium in roscoelite was the most difficult. Leaching conditions of sulfuric acid concentration, leaching temperature, leaching time and liquid to solid ratio all affected vanadium recovery, hut sulfuric acid concentration and leaching temperature played a greater impact. The appropriate parameters were as follows： sulfuric acid concentration of 6.0 mol.L^- 1, leaching temperature of 110 ℃, leaching time of 2 h, liquid to solid ratio of 2.5： 1.0. Under these conditions, the leaching rate of vanadium was up to 88.61%.

关 键 词：高碳石煤 钒 循环流化床 酸浸 

分 类 号：TF803.21[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]