饮用水隐孢子虫污染与感染研究现状分析  

Current Status of Cryptosporidium Contamination in Drinking Water and Human Infection

作　　者：张荣[1] 王丽[1] 孙伯寅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心农村改水技术指导中心

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2013年第6期571-574,共4页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：国家卫生与计划生育委员会公益性行业科研专项(201302004)

摘　　要：隐孢子虫是可以感染人体和其他脊椎动物的肠道病原体,在水源性疾病流行中其占有重要的位置,是引起人类腹泻疾病常见因素之一。自上世纪80—90年代发达国家因饮用水隐孢子虫污染导致流行以来,对饮用水的隐孢子虫污染与人感染的研究不断深入,尽管多数感染者症状轻微或无症状,但由于对隐孢子虫病患者的治疗缺乏针对性的药物,因而更受关注,被世界卫生组织和美国疾控中心列为新发传染病。本文对人隐孢子虫病流行现状、饮用水隐孢子虫污染与感染风险和监测等进行系统回顾和深入分析,讨论相关制约因素,并提出了近期需要关注和亟待研究解决的主要问题。Cryptosporidium is a kind of enteropathogen that can infect human and other vertebrates. It was one of six major causative agents of diarrhea in human and played an important role in the prevalence of water-related gastrointestinal diseases. Further research and investigation on cryptosporidium have been carried out since 1980s ~ 1990s because of its contamination in drinking water and the prevalence of human infection in developed countries. It has been listed as one of emerging infectious diseases by WHO and USA CDC. More attention has been paid to cryptosporidiosis as no effective drug is currently available, although most cryptosporidium infections are mild or asymptomatic. The contamination of cryptosporidium in water, the prevalence of crytosporidiosis, the risk of infection and the monitoring were reviewed and discussed in detail in this paper. The relatively restraining factors were discussed; and the major problems necessary to be concerned and solved were proposed.

关 键 词：饮用水 隐孢子虫 介水疾病 感染风险 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]