西北地区成乳牛粪尿中N、P、Cu、Zn产污系数的对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Pollutant-producing Coefficients of N, P, Cu and Zn in Feces and Urine of Adult Dairy Cows in Northwest Areas of China

作　　者：张振伟[1] 周玉香[2] 张巧娥[2] 闫宏[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏中卫山羊选育场,宁夏中卫755006 [2]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《畜牧与饲料科学》2013年第12期25-27,共3页Animal Husbandry and Feed Science

摘　　要：选择5头健康状况良好、胎次与产奶量相近的中国荷斯坦成乳母牛作为试验对象,采用全收粪尿法来研究成乳母牛在一年四季中N、P、Cu、Zn产污系数的变化情况及规律。结果表明,成乳母牛阶段奶牛N、P、Cu、Zn各种污染物的产污系数受季节因素的影响均表现为显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)。其中,P、Zn产污系数在一年四季中的变化规律一致,均为夏季最高、冬季最低,且随季节的变化呈现出先升高后降低的趋势;N、Cu产污系数则为春季最高、冬季最低,且随季节的变化呈现出先降低后升高再降低的趋势。因此,根据季节研究成乳母牛阶段奶牛的适宜营养需要,既可达到满足生产需要、降低饲养成本的目的,又可最大限度地减少污染物的产生。Choosing 5 Chinese Holstein dairy cows with good health, similar fetal times and milk yield as test objects,the change laws of pollutant-producing coefficients of N, P, Cu and Zn of adult dairy cows in four seasons were studied by the method of feces and urine collection. The results showed that the pollutant-producing coefficients of N, P, Cu and Zn of adult dairy cows was significantly or extremely significantly influenced by different seasons. The change laws of pollutant-producing coefficients of P and Zn in four seasons were consistent. The pollutant-producing coefficients in summer were the highest and that in winter were the lowest. And the pollutant-producing coefficients showed a trend of increasing and decreasing.The change laws of pollutant- producing coefficients of N and Cu in spring were the highest and that in winter were the lowect. And the pollutant-producing coefficients showed a trend of decreasing, increasing and decreasing. Therefore the study on the appropriate nutritional needs of dairy cows in lactating period in different seasons could meet the production demands, reduce the feeding cost and reduce the generation of pollutants.

关 键 词：成乳牛 产污系数 季节 

分 类 号：S823.1[农业科学—畜牧学]