花生起挖晾晒后的果柄机械特性  

Mechanical properties of peanut peg after digging and drying

作　　者：关萌[1] 沈永哲[1] 高连兴[1] 赵宝权[1] 刘维维[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学工程学院,沈阳110886

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2014年第2期87-93,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50775151);教育部博士点基金项目(20122103110009)

摘　　要：基于农机农艺结合的观点与理论，以辽宁西部地区的主栽花生品种为研究对象，应用万能材料物理试验机和红外线快速水分测定仪等仪器设备，研究了两段式收获条件下的花生秸秆与果柄水分变化及其力学性质，揭示了花生果柄抗拉强度、质量含水率与田间晾晒时间的内在关系；得到了含水率在8．48％-65．68％范围内的花生果柄自身与2个节点的抗拉强度及变化规律，获得了花生果柄抗拉强度与含水率变化的回归方程；初步确定了试验条件下辽西地区花生捡拾前的最佳晾晒时间为3～5d，此时花生植株各部位水分基本降至10％-20％，秧柄节点及柄自身的抗拉强度为10～15N，果柄节点抗拉强度为7～9N。研究结果可为设计两段式花生收获机的花生捡拾装置与摘果装置、确定两段式花生收获最佳捡拾摘果时间提供必要的参考依据，同时也为深入研究花生捡拾与摘果损失与损伤机理提供必要的参考。In the northern and especially northeastern areas of China, it is so quite pleasantly cool and dry in the autumn that farmers used to cure peanuts in the field for some days after digging in order to decrease the mass of the peanut plants, and more easily transport and pick up the crop. It indicated that the two-stage harvest might be more suitable to peanut production in the north and northeast areas of China. Based on the viewpoint and theory of combining machinery with agronomy, the main peanut varieties in the westem of Liaoning were selected as test materials, the variances of moisture content, and mechanical properties of peanut stems and pegs accompanying the change of curing days were studied by means of an infrared moisture meter and a universal bio-material testing machine. During the test, the curing days of peanut plants in the field after digging was selected as the basic variable, and more than seven days as the time span. The moisture contents of peanut stem and peg, and the tensile strength of the peg and its nodes were measured. The change rules of moisture content of peanut plants during the curing process in the field were obtained, which showed that the change rules of three kinds of peanuts were very similar i.e. the moisture content of the peanut stem and peg dropped rapidly with the extension of curing time in the early drying time （previous two days）, and then the moisture content decreased slowly. The change rules of moisture content of peanut plants change tended to be an asymptote from the third curing day, when the moisture contents of the peanut stem and peg were almost no longer dropping, and finally settled around 9%. The moisture content of the peanut peg and its two nodes ranged from 8.48% to 65.68%, and the changes of tensile strength and moisture content in the three kinds of peanuts were quite similar. In the whole curing process, the tensile strength of the peanut peg was always highest, the tensile strength of the peanut-peg node was lowest, and the tensile strength of th

关 键 词：收获机 机械特性 含水率 花生 两段式收获 果柄 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学] S220.1