不同施肥处理对油茶生长及产量的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilizers on Growth and Output of Camellia oleifera

作　　者：周裕新[1] 鲁顺保[2] 胡玉玲[3] 胡冬南[1] 郭晓敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学园林与艺术学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西师范大学生命科学学院,江西南昌330022 [3]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江富阳311400

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2013年第6期1183-1186,1198,共5页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2009BADB1B0202);江西省科技厅项目(20114BAB214007);国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)项目(Jiangxi-29)

摘　　要：为研究不同类型肥料在油茶(Camellia oleifera)赣无优良无性系上的运用效果,选择鸡粪、复合肥、有机肥及油茶专用肥,采用随机区组试验设计,结果表明:专用肥对仁出油率提高效果最高,为39.09%,其次施有机肥为37.49%,对果型大小作用也非常明显,其次施有机肥冠幅增长幅度最大。CK和施复合肥比施鸡粪、有机肥和专用肥的油茶高增长要大。施复合肥、有机肥和专用肥对油茶的冠幅增加较多。CK和施复合肥会导致大量秋梢徒长。施鸡粪对单果大小有促进作用,在一定程度可以抑制落果。为获得最佳出仁率和出油率,建议施复合肥和专用肥的处理在果实完全成熟程度适时采摘,仁出油率还会有进一步提高的空间。The effects of different fertilizer applications on Camellia oleifera of Gan Clone were studied, by means of split plot design, using organic fertilizer, special fertilizer and compound fertilizer.The results showed that the highest effect of special fertilizer by was on raising oil yield 39.09% ,followed by that of organic fertil- izer which was by 37.49%.Organic fertilizer had obvious effect on fruit size, and crown width increase.CK and compound fertilizer had higher effect on height increase than chicken manure, organic fertilizer and special fer- tilizer.Compound fertilizer,organic fertilizer and special fertilizer inceased crown width increased considerably. CK and compound fertilizer would lead to excessive growth of fall shoots.Chicken manure promoted the single fruit size inhibited fruit drop to a certain extent.For best shelling percentage and oil yield timely picking is rec- ommended for the Camellia treated with compound fertilizer and special fertilizer when the fruit is fully mature, there is room for increase of pip oil yield.

关 键 词：油茶 肥料类型 生物量 产量 

分 类 号：S794.401[农业科学—林木遗传育种]