长期枯水枯沙作用下黄河游荡型河段变化特点  

Regime Features of the Wandering Channel Changes of the Yellow River Due to Low Flow and Sediment

作　　者：王卫红[1] 王万战[1] 孙赞盈[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2014年第1期22-23,26,共3页Yellow River

基　　金：国家"973"计划项目(2011CB403305)

摘　　要：利用实测资料,对小浪底水库拦沙运用初期长期枯水枯沙作用下黄河下游游荡型河段河势的变化特点和已有工程的适应情况进行了分析。结果表明:1999年10月以后,进入下游的65%的流量集中在1 000 m3/s以下;与1986—1999年相比,游荡型河段主流摆幅明显减小,除赵口—黑岗口河段主流最大摆幅超出治导线外,其他河段河势摆幅基本控制在整治工程控制范围内;含沙量偏低使河岸受到冲刷,主槽宽展,心滩增多;低含沙量及河脖滩尖冲蚀造成工程靠溜位置普遍下挫,送溜不力,河势坐弯。建议对尚未控制好的河段局部辅以双岸整治措施,以稳定河势,减轻防洪压力。The paper summarized the features of the river regime changes in the wandering channel of the lower Yellow River and the adaptability 9f the training works to the river-regime due to river regime low regimes of flow and sediment with the measured data. The results show that： a） 65% of the flow rates released into the downstream is found smaller than l 000 m3/s since Oct. 1999 ; b） amplitudes of the river regime changes af- ter Oct. 1999 become smaller than those in 1986 - 1999 and the channel of the maximum amplitudes in the reach from Zhaokou to Heigangkou is found beyond the alignment lines while the channel in the other reach is controlled within the alignment lines in most cases; c）low sediment con- centration leads to bank erosion, main channel widening and more channel bars formed; d）both low sediment concentration and erosion to the point bars at the narrowest deflecting site cause the site to shift downstream, resulting in weaker deflecting effects and forming of local bends. It is sugges- ted that the channel reach which is not well controlled should be regulated by planting the training works on the opposite banks so as to stabilize the channel river regime for the purpose of mitigating the flooding.

关 键 词：河势 小浪底水库 枯水枯沙 游荡型河道 黄河 

分 类 号：TV853[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV882.1