甘肃省平均气温与极端高温时空特征分析  

Spatial-Temporal Variations of Average Temperature and Extreme Maximum Temperature in Gansu Province

作　　者：马建琴[1] 韩曦 

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学,河南郑州450011 [2]北京北科博研科技有限公司,北京100053

出　　处：《人民黄河》2014年第1期35-38,共4页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41071025);水利部"948"项目(201047);2009年度河南省教育厅自然科学基金资助项目(2009A170004);河南省科技公关基金资助项目(092102310197)

摘　　要：选取甘肃省境内50个气象站1960—2011年的月气温数据,采用Mann-Kendall非参数检验法和小波分析等方法,对极端高温及平均气温的时空变化特征和周期特征进行了分析。结果表明:甘肃省平均气温、极端高温分别以0.31、0.11℃/10 a的速率升高;春、冬两季升温速率较大,趋势更明显;四季的极端高温均呈现升高趋势,其中夏季升温速率最大;甘南地区平均气温最低,东南部地区平均气温普遍偏高;中部及陇东东部升温速率较大,河西走廊西部及甘南地区升温速率较小;极端高温的分布表现为随海拔升高而逐渐下降的特点,河西走廊沿线极端高温较高,甘南高原极端高温较低;北山地区、祁连山地和河西走廊西部日较差较大,陇南山地南部年温差较小;平均气温、极端高温分别以14、22 a为主周期变化。On the basis of the monthly temperature data of 50 meteorological stations in Gansu Province were selected from 1961 to 2011, temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the average and extreme maximum temperature , were analyzed by using Mann-Kendall nonparametric test analysis and wavelet analysis. The results show that： the average temperature and extreme maximum temperature are 0.31 ℃ / 10 a and 0.11℃ / 10 a warming rate in Gansu province ; temperature heating rate in spring and winter seasons are faster; the four seasons of extreme maximum temper- ature increasing trend are significant; extreme maximum temperature and the average temperature on the space distribution is more consistent ; aver- age extremely high value is relative greater than the average temperature in Beishan, Qilian Mountain and the western region of Hexi Corridor, situa- tion in south of Longnan Mountain is adverse; Beishan area, Qilian Mountain and western Hexi Corridor daily range are larger and the average and extreme maximum temperature cycle transform 14 a and 22 a.

关 键 词：Mann—Kendall非参数检验法 小波分析 时空变化 极端高温 平均气温 甘肃省 

分 类 号：P457.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]