中国环境公共支出、技术效率与经济增长  

Environmental Public Expenditures,Technological Efficiency and Economic Growth in China

作　　者：薛钢[1] 陈思霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学财政税务学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2014年第1期41-46,共6页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"地方政府性债务管理和风险防范研究"(编号:12&ZD047);湖北省社会科学基金项目"湖北省增值税扩围改革经济效应"(编号:2012105);武汉市社会科学基金项目"武汉市企业自主创新的财税激励政策研究"(编号:2011037)

摘　　要：在强调经济增长与资源节约协调发展的现实背景下,中国政府越来越重视环境管制以及相关环境公共政策的有效性问题。由于市场制度环境、环境公共支出规模与结构的差异,政府环境公共支出对于经济增长的影响也存在着显著的异质性特征。本文从企业技术效率的角度,利用随机前沿生产函数估计了地市级企业技术效率,基于联立方程组检验了环境公共支出与经济增长之间的作用和传导机制。研究结论表明中国环境公共支出中用于科研等技术开发性资助支出较少,没有对企业的技术效率创新提供良好的外部条件,而现阶段中国环境规制水平普遍偏弱,制度质量和环境公共支出规模未能形成有效的外部创新激励,预期中的"波特假说"效应并不显著。因此,中国政府应在规模上进一步加大环境公共支出力度,大力提升环境规制水平以越过环境规制与经济增长的U型拐点,在结构上提高在环境科研、环境生态信息建设、环境健康教育上的支出比重,充分发挥环境公共支出建设良好外部技术创新环境的积极作用。The efficiencies of both environmental regulations and relevant public environment policies have been more important, as the harmonious development between economic growth and resources utilization maximization is being paid more attention. As there are differences in institutional environment, environmental expenditures scale and its composition, the ways that environmental expenditures play on economic growth do vary. From the technology efficiency perspective, we firstly figured it out by applying the stochastic model, and then explained how the environmental expenditure affected the economic growth by using simultaneous model. The results showed that the public R＆D in environmental expenditure is insufficient to create satisfactory external conditions for innovation. The institution quality and the expenditure scale are not good enough to encourage the technological efficiency increase, which finally hampered the economic growth. The ＇ Porter Hypothesis＇ does not show obvious effects in China, which is finally not helpful to economic growth. We should increase the environmental expenditure in scale and improve environmental regulations to overcome the point of U-shaped curve, increase the expenditure in the fields such as environmental research, information systems and environmental education, and create a good external environment for enterprises＇ technology innovation.

关 键 词：环境公共支出 技术效率 经济增长 

分 类 号：F062[经济管理—政治经济学]