农林废弃物与有机肥配施对黑土团聚体组成及稳定性的影响  

Composition and stability of the aggregates in black soil amended with cattle manure mixed agricultural and forest residues

作　　者：杨天悦[1] 史振鑫[1] 孟安华[1] 吴景贵[1] 吕岩[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,吉林长春130118 [2]吉林省土壤肥料总站,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第1期47-52,共6页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2013BAC09B01;2012BAD14B05);吉林省科技厅重点科技成果转化项目(20130303035NY)

摘　　要：施用有机肥是循环农业的典型措施,合理施用能够净化土壤环境、加强土壤的可持续利用。笔者通过分析在牛粪中添加不同农林废弃物后对土壤团聚体组成及稳定性的影响,探讨东北地区牛粪更加合理的利用方式。试验共设计5个处理,即(1)酸化沸石+牛粪(SH);(2)玉米秸秆+牛粪(YM);(3)树叶+牛粪(YS);(4)草炭+牛粪(CT);(5)单施牛粪(CK)。结果表明:各处理与单施牛粪处理相比,>0.25 mm机械稳定性团聚体和水稳定团聚体含量均显著增加。牛粪与农林废弃物配施后土壤机械稳定性团聚体平均质量直径和几何平均直径均大于对照,且与>0.25 mm机械稳定性团聚体含量呈显著正相关。各处理均降低了土壤团聚体分形维数、不稳定团粒指数。SH、YM、CT处理提高了土壤团聚体分散度,YM、CT处理使土壤密度降低。研究表明牛粪添加农林废弃物可显著增加土壤中大团聚体的比例,从而改良土壤中团聚体的结构。Soil aggregates composition and stability were studied after application of cattle manure and different agricul- tural and forest residue. In this study, five treatments was as follow： （ 1 ） modification stellerite and cattle manure（ SH）, （2） corn and cattle manure （YM）, （3）tree leaves and cattle manure （YS）, （4）peat and cattle manure （CT）, and （5） cattle manure（CK） .The results showed that ：〉0.25 mm large aggregates of mechanical-stable and water-stable aggre- gates increased significantly compared with CK. The mean weight diameter （MWD） and geometric mean diameter （GMD） of soil with organic material treatment were greater than that of cow dung, and they were significantly correlated with the content of 〉0.25 mm mechanical-stable aggregates. The application of different agricultural and forest residue decreased soil aggregates fractal dimension, and unstable aggregate index. SH, YM, CT treatments improved the degree of aggregates dispersion of soil, and YM, CT treatments reduced soil bulk density. So the agricultural and forest residue treatments could not only enhance the proportion of bigger aggregates, but also improve the structure of soil.

关 键 词：农林废弃物 牛粪 土壤团聚体 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]