高层建筑突发灾害下电梯疏散模拟研究  

Simulation study on elevator evacuation in high-rise building during emergencies

作　　者：郭海林[1] 张利欣[1] 刘宵[1] 王志宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2014年第1期44-47,共4页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2013059010)

摘　　要：在论证电梯作为高层建筑疏散设备可行性的基础上,探讨利用pathfinder对高层建筑进行人员疏散模拟。通过制定不同疏散方案,研究使用电梯前后的疏散时间和出口人流量,合理分配楼梯和电梯的承载人数,提出最优的疏散方案。结果表明:在高层建筑中,人员疏散最大的瓶颈是楼梯;利用楼梯结合电梯的疏散方式能够减少楼梯的拥堵,有效缩短疏散时间,大幅度提高疏散效率。Based on sufficient demonstrations on the feasibility of using elevator as the evacuation tool, Pathfinder was used to stimulate the evacuation in high-rise buildings. This research compared the time cost of evacuation as well as the amount of people evacuated under conditions with and without elevators in different projects. This article further discussed the rational al location of stairs, proposed the optimized evacuation project. The results show that the biggest bottleneck of high rise building evacuation is the stair, and yet when stairs and eleva tors are both used in the evacuation, the time cost of evacua- tions, together with the congestion, on stairs can be reduced, and the efficiency of evacuation can be greatly improved.

关 键 词：高层建筑 楼梯疏散 电梯疏散 疏散模拟 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU972.4[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]