亏缺灌溉与氮营养对小粒咖啡苗木生长及水分利用的影响  

Effect of deficit irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on growth and water consumption of coffee arabica seedling

作　　者：钟原[1] 刘小刚[1] 耿宏焯 张彦[1] 杨启良[1] 杨具瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学现代农业工程学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2014年第1期89-93,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51109102;51009073);云南省应用基础研究资助项目(2010ZC043);云南省教育厅重点项目(2011Z035);水利部公益项目(201101042)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验，设置了4个灌水水平：SI充分灌水（75%～85%θF）、DI1轻度亏缺灌水（65%～75%θF）、DI2中度亏缺灌水（55%～65%θF）和DI3重度亏缺灌水（45%～55%θF）和4个施氮水平：高氮（NH）、中氮（NM）、低氮（NL）、无氮（NN），研究了亏缺灌溉和氮营养对小粒咖啡苗木的生长及形态指标和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明，增加灌水或施氮能促进小粒咖啡生长，提高各形态指标（株高、茎粗、叶面积和枝条长度）。与无氮处理相比，施氮可使干物质累积总量提高10.88%～37.49%，水分利用效率提高24.73%～33.01%。与重度亏缺灌水处理相比，增加灌水可使干物质累积总量提高68.01%～141.90%，水分利用效率提高22.48%～40.89%。低氮充分灌水处理可提高小粒咖啡苗木的形态指标，获得较高的干物质累积和水分利用效率。The objective of this study was to explore the effect of water and nitrogen fertilizer on growth characteristics of plant with the tropical features, using pot experiment with four water treatments including SI sufficient irrigation （75%～85%θF）, DI1 light deficit ir rigation （65%～75%θF）, DI2 medium deficit irrigation （55%～65%θF）, and DI3 serious deficit irrigation （45%～55%θF）, and four nitrogen rates of high nitrogen （NH）, medium nitrogen （NM）, low nitrogen （NL）, and non-nitrogen （NN）. The influence of deficit irrigation and nitrogen nutrition on growth a nd water consumption of coffee arabica seedling were studied. Results showed that irrigation and nitrogen application was helpful to improve the growth and morphological index of coffee arabica such as plant height, basal stem, leaf area, and shoot length. Compared to the non-nitrogen treatment, nitrogen increased dry mass accumulation and water use efficiency by the range of 10.88%～37.49% and 24.73%～33.01%, respectively. Compared to the serious deficit irrigation treatment, irrigation increase increased dry mass accumulation and water use efficiency by the range of 68.01%～141.90% and 22.48%～40.89%, respectively. Low nitrogen combined with sufficient irrigation promote the growth of arabica coffee seedling, resulting in both higher dry mass accumulation and water use fficiency（WUE）.

关 键 词：亏缺灌溉 氮肥 小粒咖啡 生长 干物质累积 水分利用 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程] S571.2[农业科学—农业工程]