宝鸡市小麦主要农艺性状与产量性状之间的同异分析  

Similarity-difference Analysis between Main Agronomical Traits and Yield in Winter Wheat

作　　者：任雅琴[1] 郭瑞林[2] 吕金仓[1] 孙军仓 苏英[1] 王敬昌[1] 徐卢 张华[1] 

机构地区：[1]宝鸡市农业科学研究所,陕西岐山722499 [2]安阳工学院生物与食品学院,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2014年第1期70-74,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2011KT2B02-01-01);宝鸡市科技局2009年科技支撑重大科技专项

摘　　要：为制定小麦新品种选育目标和策略,采集2008-2012年国家黄淮南片冬小麦良种区域试验数据,采用同异分析原理与方法,对小麦主要农艺性状与产量之间的关系进行研究。结果表明,各性状与产量间的综合同一度大小顺序依次为穗粒数(0.904 0)、千粒质量(0.890 5)、冬季冻害(0.887 2)、赤霉病(0.877 2)、全生育期(0.876 1)、体积质量(0.873 4)、公顷穗数(0.869 0)、叶枯病(0.868 3)、株高(0.832 5)、白粉病(0.801 2)、抗倒性(0.785 0)、熟相(0.410 1)、条锈病(0.383 6)。其中,穗粒数、千粒质量、冬季抗寒性和赤霉病等性状与产量间的关系较为密切,在今后的育种或高产栽培研究工作中,应当重视对它们的选择和调控。对现有小麦品种群体与育种目标间的差异分析表明,株高性状整体上已达到育种目标要求,而熟相、条锈病抗性、白粉病抗性、抗倒性、公顷穗数等性状则与育种目标还有较大差距。因此,在宝鸡市生态条件下,小麦新品种的选育策略应当是在保持现有品种性状水平的基础上,加强对兼具耐寒、抗病(包括条锈病、白粉病,特别是抗赤霉病)等特性的穗重型品种(穗粒数多,千粒质量高)的选育。In order to develop new targets and strategies for wheat breeding, the principle and method of similaritydifference analysis was used to study the relationships between the main agronomic char acters and yield with the data of winter wheat varieties regional test in the south of huanghuai area of China in 2008-2012. Results show that the comprehensive similarity degrees between the various characters and yield are ranked as follows： kernel number per spike （0. 904 0）, 1000kernel mass （0. 890 5）, winter hardiness （0. 887 2）, scab disease （0. 877 2） , whole growth period （0. 876 1）, volumemass （0. 873 4） , spike number per hectare （0. 869 0）, leaf blight （0. 868 3）, plant height （0. 832 5）, powdery mildew （0. 801 2）, resist and yellow rust （0. 383 6）, among them, th 1000kernel mass, winter hardiness, scab disc ance to lodging （0. 785 0）, maturity phase （0. 410 1）, e relationships between the kernel number per spike, ase traits and yield are relatively close. Breeders shouldpay much attention to their selection and control in breeding work and high yielding cultivation re- search for the future. The difference analysis between the group of existing varieties and breeding tar- gets showed that the plant height as a whole has reached the breeding goal the maturity phase, the stripe rust, powdery mildew, lodging resistance and spike number per hectare have a larger gap to the breeding targets. In the ecological conditions of Baoji, therefore, the breeding strategy for new wheat variety should select the heavy spike type varieties with both cold and disease resistance （including stripe rust and powdery mildew, particularly scab disease resistant ） and keep other existing charac ters of currently growing cultivars.

关 键 词：小麦 农艺性状 产量 同异分析 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]