等级平均随机TBFL方法  

Average Scale Stochastic TBFL Approach

作　　者：王蓁蓁[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]金陵科技学院信息技术学院,南京211169 [2]江苏省信息分析工程实验室,南京211169

出　　处：《计算机科学》2014年第1期235-241,共7页Computer Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61170071);金陵科技学院科研基金项目(jit-n-201305)资助

摘　　要：运用测试集对程序错误语句定位的算法,现在被统称为TBFL(testing based fault localization)方法。目前通行的算法一般都没有利用测试员、程序员关于测试用例和程序的先验知识,致使这些"资源"白白浪费掉。文献[12]引入了一类新的随机TBFL方法,其精神就是在随机理论的框架下,把这些先验知识和实际测试活动结合起来,从而对程序错误语句更好地定位。文献[12]提出的算法可以看成是这种类型算法的一般"模式",人们可以根据这个一般性的模式开发出不同的算法。基于文献[13]的思想,对文献[12]中的算法做了改进。主要是根据测试结果,构造执行矩阵E和功效矩阵F两个工具,并结合测试集和程序先验知识,对程序语句出错可能性引入两个级别的排序,然后对这两个排序进行"平均",得到程序语句出错可能性的平均等级排序,它可以作为程序员改正程序错误的导向。还提出两个有关不同TBFL算法的比较标准,根据这两个标准,在一些具体实例上,将所提算法和其他一般方法以及文献[12]中的方法进行了对比,结果显示所提算法的效果令人满意。Approaches for fault localization based on test suites are now collectively called TBFL （testing based fault lo- calization）. However, current algorithms have not taken advantage of the prior knowledge about test cases and program so that they waste these valuable ＂resources＂. [12] introduces a new kind of stochastic TBFL approach whose spirit is to combine the prior knowledge with actual testing activities under stochastic theory, so as to locate program faults. This algorithm presented in [ 12] may be regarded as a general patter of this kind of approach, from which people can develop various algorithms. Based on the mind of [13] ,we performed an improvement of the algorithm in [121. We mainly con- structed two tools-the executive matrix E and the efficient matrix F-from the testing results. Then combined with the prior knowledge of test suite and program, the probability of statement being faulty is rated from two scales. Finally the two scales are ＂averaged＂. In this way we got the average rank of program statements about their probability of being faulty, which may help programmers correct program faults. Moreover, this paper presented two standards for compa- ring different TBFL approaches. And from the investigation of the two standards on some specific instances, the results of the approach presented in this paper are satisfactory.

关 键 词：错误定位 测试为基础的错误定位 随机错误定位方法 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]