佛山市南海区3岁及以下散居儿童手足口病影响因素分析  

Risk factors of hand-foot-mouth disease in scattered children under 3 years in Nanhai District,Foshan City

作　　者：梁洁雅[1] 曹晓鸥[1] 梁子良[1] 

机构地区：[1]佛山市南海区疾病预防控制中心,广东佛山528200

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2014年第1期12-15,共4页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解散居儿童手足口病的发生、感染、传播的相关影响因素。方法在中国疾病预防控制信息系统2012年6月份上报的南海区手足口病临床或实验室确诊病例中,采取单纯随机抽样方法选取60例年龄≤3岁的散居儿童为病例组;按近1∶2比例,选择与病例出生日期相近、住址为同一街道社区、近1年未曾患手足口病的散居儿童,共101人为对照组。对病例组和对照组的监护人进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括调查人口学情况、居住地及外出情况、家庭及邻里情况、发病诊疗情况、接触史、活动史和卫生习惯等。利用卡方检验、logistic回归分别对手足口病的44个影响因素进行单、多因素分析。结果病例组60名患儿,男性38例,女性22例,平均年龄(1.37±0.61)岁;对照组101名儿童中,男性56人,女45人,平均年龄(1.30±0.90)岁;病例组与对照组间性别、年龄的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。多因素条件logistic回归分析结果发现外出后很少洗手(OR=3.622)、共用擦手巾(OR=30.086)、最近2周去接种疫苗场所(OR=6.763)、最近2周去村内活动场所(OR=10.692)、常去超市封闭儿童中心玩(OR=11.389)、主要看护者文化程度低(OR=17.028)的儿童患手足口病的风险更大。结论被调查散居儿童手足口病的发生主要与日常卫生习惯以及生活环境密切相关,家长应注意消除或减少客观条件的隐患,为婴幼儿童的健康成长提供安全可靠的环境。Objective To analyze the occurrence, infection, transmission of relevant factors of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） among scattered children. Methods Scattered children under 3 years and diagnosed with HFMD in Nanhai District of Foshan City in June 2012 were selected as case group ac- cording to the report of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Scattered children at the similar ages and living in the same community with the case group but not subject to HFMD in the pre- vious year were selected as control group. Epidemiological survey was conducted on the guardians of the children in both groups via standardized questionnaires. The content of the questionnaire included demo- graphic situation, place of residence, travel, family and neighbors, disease diagnosis and treatment, con- tact history, activity history, and hygienic habit. Single-factor and multi-factor analyses on the risk factors of HFMD were carried out through chi-square test and logistic regression, respectively. Results The case group had 60 patients, 38 males and 22 females, mean age （ 1.37 ± 0.61 ） years. There were 101 chil- dren in the control group, 56 males and 45 females, mean age （ 1.30 ± 0. 90） years. There were no sta- tistically significant differences of gender and age between case group and control group. Multi-factor logis- tic regression analysis found that children with the following conditions were easier to get infected with HFMD： seldom washing hands after going out （ OR = 3.622） , sharing hand towel （ OR = 30. 086） , visiting vaccination site in the past 2 weeks （ OR = 6. 763 ） , playing in the public activity place of the village in the past 2 weeks （OR = 10. 692）, playing in enclosed play center for children in the mall frequently （OR = 11. 389）, and the carer having low education level （ OR = 17. 028）. Conclusion It can be concluded that the scattered children＇ s infection with HFMD is closely related to the daily hygienic habits and the liv- ing environments.

关 键 词：手足口病 散居儿童 因素分析 统计学 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]