基于CGE模型的水价改革影响研究——以重庆市为例  

Research on Effects of Water Price Reform Using CGE Model——A Case Study in Chongqing

作　　者：周芳[1] 马中[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学环境学院

出　　处：《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》2014年第1期47-54,140,共8页Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"水环境保护价格与税费政策示范研究"(2008ZX07633-02);中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目(13XNH086)

摘　　要：基于中国水资源短缺、水污染严重及现行水价政策存在的诸多问题,结合中国水价进入了新上涨周期的现实,本文构建了水资源CGE模型,在重庆市进行了实证研究,分析了水价改革对总体和部门经济增长、经济主体收入、劳动需求和用水量等主要经济变量的影响,为中国水价政策的改革和完善提供依据和参考。研究结果表明:(1)水价提升会对经济产生一定的负面影响,但是起到的节约水资源和保护水环境的正面环境效益更大;(2)纺织业等高耗水行业对水价的变动更敏感,建筑业等低耗水行业受水价的影响较小;(3)居民生活用水具有需求刚性,水价提升对居民生活用水的抑制作用较小;(4)水价政策应该基于公共和商业分置的原则制定,企业、居民和公共财政都可以承受基于环境无退化原则的水价上涨。In view of water shortage,serious water pollution and many problems caused by water price policy in China,along with the fact that China has entered a new cycle of water price increase,this study establishes a CGE model and makes a case study in Chongqing to analyze effects of water price reform on major economic variables such as overall and sectoral economic growth,income,labor demand and water use with the purpose of providing basis and reference for the reform and improvement of water price policy.The results are as follows:increase in water price brings greater environmental benefits by playing an important role in water conservation and protection despite some negative impact it has on economy;high water use industries such as the textile industry are more sensitive to water price increase,while other industries are less affected;residents are quite insensitive to water price increase due to their rigid demand of water;water price policy should be formulated in accordance with the separation of public and commercial services. Enterprises,residents and governments can all withstand the water price with the principle of non-degradation of environment.

关 键 词：水价政策 CGE模型 政策评估 

分 类 号：F426.9[经济管理—产业经济]