U形渠道水流紊动特性试验研究  

Experiment Study on Turbulence Characteristics of Flow in U-shaped Channel

作　　者：李晋琴 吕宏兴[1] 韩文霆 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国旱区农业节水研究院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2014年第1期13-16,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BA29B08);教育部;国家外国专家局"111"计划项目(B12007);国家工程技术研究中心再建项目(2011FU125Z27-1);西北农林科技大学科技创新专项(Z109021207)

摘　　要：在U形混凝土明渠内,采用声学多普勒点式流速仪(Vectrino)测量了不同流量下的瞬时流速,对明渠水流紊动的准周期、频率等水流紊动特性进行了定量的描述,对紊动强度、雷诺应力进行了较深入的分析计算。试验分析结果表明:①水流脉动具有大小不同的准周期。②水流瞬时流速概率分布近似符合正态分布。③各垂线纵向、垂向紊动强度自渠底向水面先减小后增大,横向紊动强度变化幅度较小。④纵向与横向雷诺切应力在y/h>0.5范围内近似为直线,y/h<0.5区域内近似为三角形分布。Using Acoustic Doppler point current meter（Vectrino）, the instantaneous velocity at different measurement points under different flow rate were measured in U-shaped channel. The turbulent characteristics of flow, such as period, frequency, were described by means of quantitative analysis. And the turbulent intensities and Reynolds stresses were further analyzed and calculated. The experimental result indicate that： the velocity pulsing process had different quasi-periodic; the probability distribution of fluctua- ting velocity was approximately in the form of Gaussian curve; the longitudinal and vertical turbulent intensities on different perpen- dicular line was reduced initially then increased from bottom of claannel to the surface, the range of turbulent intensities on transver- sal was small; Reynolds stresses on longitudinal and transversal distributed approximated straight line in the range of relative flow depth bigger than 0. 5 and triangular distribution when the relative flow depth was smaller than 0.5.

关 键 词：U形渠道 紊动强度 雷诺应力 

分 类 号：TV131.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]