胸椎椎基静脉孔的解剖学观察及测量  

Observation and measurement of the thoracic vertebral basivertebral vein foramen

作　　者：马春明[1] 鞠晓华[1] 杜晓东[1] 李进[1] 李国涛[1] 吴雷[1] 王孝文[1] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院解剖学教研室,潍坊261053

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2013年第6期1087-1090,共4页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

摘　　要：目的：通过对胸椎椎基静脉孔（BVF）的观察测量，明确BVF形态及其与周围结构的距离，为临床脊柱外科手术提供解剖学数据。方法：测量276块成人胸椎BVF的数目、面积、与椎体上下缘距离、与左右椎弓根最短距离。解剖成人尸体13具，观察BVF的形态结构。结果：BVF形态以圆形多见，平均2．2个，不同人体BVF数目差别大，分布集中；面积平均0．3em2，上缘与椎体上缘的平均垂直距离0．75cm，下缘与椎体下缘的平均垂直距离0．76cm，左缘与左侧椎弓根的平均最短距离0．45cm，右缘与右侧椎弓根的平均最短距离0．50cmBVF与椎体上缘距离及与左椎弓根最短距离在不同人体或在同一人体不同胸椎有差异；BVF与椎体下缘距离及与右椎弓根最短距离在同一人体不同胸椎有差异；除第2、9、11胸椎外的BVF与本椎体上下缘距离有差异，第1胸椎的BVF距离椎体下缘较近，第10、12胸椎的BVF距离椎体下缘较远，在第4、8、11胸椎，BVF与同一椎骨左右椎弓根最短距离有差异，BVF偏向左侧；尸体解剖可见血管出入BVF，并有脂肪组织等软组织填充。结论：胸椎BVF是胸椎椎体后壁以圆形为主面积0．3cm。的骨性孔，与椎体上下缘有0．75cm及左右椎弓根0．45cm的无血管出入骨质区域，该区域为临床椎体后壁外科手术提供操作空间。Objective： The morphology and relationship of the basivertebral vein foramen （BVF） of the thoracic vertebral body were studied to provide the reference for spine surgery. Methods： 276 adult thoracic vertebras were studied on the BVF about the number, area and the shortest distance to the superior and inferior borders of the vertebral body and to the pedicles. The configurations of the BVF in 13 adult cadavers were studied. Results： BVF was round and concentrated. The number was 2.2 and was very different in different persons. The area of the BVF was 0.3 cm2. The vertical distance between the BVF and the upper border of the vertebral body was 0.75 cm,the vertical distance between the BVF and the lower border of the vertebral body was 0.76 cm, the shortest distance between the BVF and the left pedicle was 0.45 cm and the short distance between the BVF and the right pedicle was 0.50 cm;The distance to the superior border of the vertebral body and to the left pedicle was very different in different persons and in different thoracic vertebras in one person. The distance to the inferior border of the vertebral body and to the right pedicle was very different in different persons. The distance to the superior and inferior borders of the vertebral body had difference in the same thoracic vertebra T2, T9 and Tll. The distance to the inferior border of the vertebral body was short in T1 and was large in T10 and T12. The distance to the pedicles was very different in the same thoracic vertebra T4, T8 and Tll, and the BVF was close to the left pedicle. The vessels and soft tissues were observed in BVF through autopsy. Conclusion： The BVF is more round and 0.3 cm2 area of bone hole on the back wall of thoracic vertebral body. There is an area around BVF without vessels to the superior or inferior border of the vertebral bbdy about 0.75 cm long and to the left or right pedicle about 0.45 cm long which provides operation space for clinical spinal surgery on the back wall of the vertebral body.

关 键 词：胸椎 椎基静脉孔 测量 

分 类 号：R322.51[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]