涡环旋转伞开伞稳定性及减速导旋运动特性研究  

Study on the inflated stability and motional characteristics of vortex ring parachute canopy

作　　者：郭锐[1,2] 刘荣忠[1] 胡志鹏[1] 马晓冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]西安交通大学航天航空学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《空气动力学学报》2013年第6期733-738,共6页Acta Aerodynamica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金-青年科学项目(1102088);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金-新教师类(200932192006)

摘　　要：通过理论分析和伞塔投放试验方法,研究了涡环旋转伞的开伞充气稳定性及其减速导旋运动特性。基于交汇摄影测速法及姿态存储测量法,获得了不同伞衣幅结构及伞绳连接方式对涡环旋转伞系统减速导旋运动的影响规律。试验结果表明,涡环旋转伞系统的平衡转速和平衡落速存在匹配关系,其比值k约为定值,提高该比值的关键是提高涡环旋转伞的导旋力矩,并且当载物的质量一定时,伞衣幅面积与平衡转速和落速成反比,而前后伞绳差的增大可以提高涡环旋转伞系统的平衡转速。The vortex ring parachute is one kind of familiar rotational parachute with high rotating speed,and its aerodynamic characteristics has some advantageous for the structure design and is widely used. The vortex ring parachute consists of four sails that joined by many parachute cords, and the plackets among the sails can afford the parachute canopy to definite convexity and gradient when it is token shape. The asymmetric aerodynamic forces and moments drive the parachute to rotate. Based on the parachute tower test, the inflated stability and its motional characteristics were studied, and the influencing rules about different configuration, and sails and joint parameters of parachute cords were gained with high-speed photographic technique and attitude memory-measuring technique. The results reveal that the ratio between the balanceable dropping velocity and the balanceable angular velocity is a constant value when the vortex ring parachute reaches the steady state, and the only approach of increasing the ratio is to enhance the aerodynamic revolving torque. In addition, the joint mode of parachute cords can improve the halanceable angular velocity to a certain extent, especially the difference between the length of the leading-edge pitch line and the trailing-edge pitch line. The results are berefit to the structure design and widely application of the vortex ring parachute.

关 键 词：涡环旋转伞 伞塔试验 充气稳定性 运动特性 平衡转速 

分 类 号：V211.73[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]