2011年深圳人体舒适度空间分布特征及影响因子分析  

Spatial distribution of human comfort index and its impact factors in 2011 in Shenzhen

作　　者：张立杰[1] 张丽[1] 李磊[1,2] 力梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市国家气候观象台,广东深圳518040 [2]深圳市城市规划与决策仿真重点实验室,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2013年第6期134-139,共6页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51278308和51008002);广东省气象局气象科技项目(201028和2011B14);亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室开放课题(2011KB20)共同资助

摘　　要：利用2011年深圳多个自动气象站资料,采用考虑了气温、风速、相对湿度等要素的人体舒适度计算方案,计算了深圳地区的人体舒适度指数以及不同舒适等级天数,分析了城市地形地貌、道路占地面积和人口密度等因素对人体舒适度的影响。结果表明:深圳地区沿海比内陆舒适,全市全年舒适日数为7—9个月之间,夏季感觉热的日数约为2—3个月,冬季感觉冷的日数大部分地区为30 d左右;从不同地区人体舒适度指数的日变化特征来看,夏季比冬季更易受地理位置和下垫面等因素影响。地形地貌、海陆分布、城市规划等地理要素对人体舒适度均有一定影响,相关分析表明海拔高度、道路占地面积和人口密度与夏天的热—炎热日数均呈对数关系,但在深圳的东部人口稀疏和道路占地较小地区也并非舒适宜人,也会出现较多炎热天气,这与该地区年平均风速相对微弱有关。According to the temperature, wind speed,relative humidity data from several regional automatic meteor- ological stations in Shenzhen, the human comfort index and the days on different comfort levels were calculated by a human comfort index scheme, and the influences of urban landform, road network density and population density on human comfort were analyzed. The results show that the people feel more comfortable in the coastal area than in the inland of Shenzhen. The annual comfortable days are about 7-9 months in Shenzhen. The hot days are about 2- 3 months in summer, while that of cold days are about 30 days in most areas in winter. According to the variation of daily human comfort index, the effect of geographical location and underlying surface on the index is significant in summer than in winter. Besides the above elements, topography, sea land distribution and urban planning could also impact the human comfort. The summer heat-hot days are in a logarithmic relation with elevation, road cover area and population density by a correlation analysis method. However,it is not comfortable in the eastern Shenz- hen where hot days frequent because of low population density and small road cover areas, which is relate to the weak annual mean wind speed in this region.

关 键 词：舒适度指数 道路占地面积 人口密度 

分 类 号：P463.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]