空港经济区空间结构演变及驱动机制——以上海虹桥国际机场为例  

The evolution and driving mechanism of spatial structurein airport economic zone:Taking Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport as an example

作　　者：张蕾[1,2] 史威[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏第二师范学院城市与资源环境学院,南京210013 [2]江苏第二师范学院城市与区域发展研究中心,南京210013

出　　处：《地理研究》2014年第1期57-70,共14页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41201112);江苏省社会科学基金项目(11EYD036)

摘　　要：基于微观企业数据,对上海虹桥国际机场的空港经济区范围进行界定,并借助GIS技术,综合圈层分析和热点分析方法,研究区内空间结构演变。结果表明:空港经济区范围逐渐扩大,由初期单向扩张转变为多方位扩张;圈层分化特征明显,临空指向度分析显示,随着临空指向由强而弱,企业集聚空间自机场中心向外围推移,行业分析显示,主要行业如航空运输业、运输代理业、道路运输业由内而外依次布局,而零售业作为基础服务行业,规模与各圈层企业规模高度耦合;企业热点区由点状向轴线演变,"南重北轻、东强西弱"格局形成。机场规模、机场区功能分区、机场区管制和临空指向等构成虹桥空港经济区空间结构演变的内生动力,而集聚经济、可达性和城区方位构成外在动力。Based on the enterprise database, we identify the scope of airport economic zone of Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport between 1998-2010. Then we used circle analysis and hot-spot analysis methods to analyze the spatial structure evolution of airport economic zone. The research shows that, firstly, the scope of airport economic zone expanded gradually, and changed from one-way expansion to multi-directional expansion. Secondly, differentiation of circles turned to be clear. The hub-orientation analysis shows that agglomeration space of strong hub-orientation industry was mainly located at the inner circle, while none hub-orientation industry at the outside circle; the industry analysis shows that now four main industries gathered in different circles respectively, and that airline industry, transportation agencies and road transportation industry were located from inside to outside respectively, while retail industry had a high degree of coupling with other enterprises. Thirdly, the hot-spot analysis shows that the hot-spots of enterprises evolved from discrete point to axis, outside the Hongqiao Airport, the east and south expanded in a faster speed than the north and west. Lastly, this paper analyzed the dynamic mechanism of spatial structure evolution from both internal and external aspects. The internal drivers are airport scale, airport＇s layout of functional areas, aerodrome control, and hub-orientation of industry, while agglomeration externalities, transport accessibility and development orientation of urban area are the external drivers.

关 键 词：空港经济区 空间结构演变 驱动机制 上海虹桥国际机场 

分 类 号：F562[经济管理—产业经济] F224