活性氧在多能干细胞中的作用  

Roles of reactive oxygen species in pluripotent stem cell functions

作　　者：徐洁[1] 刘俊许[1] 康雪玲[1] 蒋丽[1] 周忠伟[1] 陈思锋[1] 孟丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学上海医学院生理与病理生理学系,上海200032

出　　处：《中国病理生理杂志》2014年第1期188-192,共5页Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81170298;No.81270410);国家基础科学人才培养基金资助项目(No.J1210041);上海市卫生局科研项目(No.c106629)

摘　　要：多能干细胞是具有自我更新能力和能向体内多种细胞分化的一类细胞群体。活性氧（reactiveoxy-genspecies，ROS）是反应活性极强的代谢分子。虽然过多的ROS会对干细胞产生毒性，引起干细胞的衰老和凋亡，但是ROS的调节在维持干细胞的干性和分化中起重要作用。ROS在不同的干细胞中发挥的作用也不尽相同。深入了解ROS如何调控干细胞的功能将有助于加强干细胞在转化医学方面的应用。本文将以胚胎干细胞和诱导性多能干细胞为主，对近年来ROS调节多能干细胞功能的研究进行简要综述。Pluripotent stem cells are characterized by the properties of seLf-renewal and the abihty to differenti- ate into multiple cell types. Reactive oxygen species （ROS） are highly reactive metabolites. High levels of ROS are toxic and involved in stem cell senescence and apoptosis. However, regulation of ROS has an important role in maintaining ＂sternness＂ and differentiation of the stem cells. The role of ROS in the stem cells varies among different stem cell types. NADPH oxidase is one of the major sources of ROS in stem cells. Excessive amounts of ROS are produced in various patho- physiological states such as atherosclerosis, heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, and aging. Induced plun＇potent stem cells have the potential to be used in modeling of ROS-associated diseases. Understanding the molecular mechanisms how ROS regulate the functions of stem cells will greatly enhance their translational applications. In this review, we summarize the recent progress regarding the roles of ROS in regulating the functions of embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells.

关 键 词：诱导性多能干细胞 胚胎干细胞 活性氧 

分 类 号：Q25[生物学—细胞生物学]