4种盐生植物生长对土壤石油污染的响应  

Response of Growth of Four Halophyte Species in Oil-contaminated Soil

作　　者：黄建[1,2,3] 田长彦[1,3] 卞卫国[1,3] 尹海龙[1,2,3] 任静[1,2,3] 陈春秀[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]国家生态与荒漠环境重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2014年第1期100-104,共5页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划项目(Y131041001)

摘　　要：为了探讨4种新疆盐生植物在石油污染土壤上的生长适应性及修复效果,设置了5种不同浓度的石油污染处理,对4种供试盐生植物的株高、鲜重、根冠比及土壤中总石油烃含量进行了观测。结果表明:①当土壤石油污染浓度为0.5%时,对4种供试植物的生长均有一定的促进作用,其生长指标均大于空白对照组,但差异不显著。②随着污染物浓度的增大,4种供试植物的生长也受到了显著的抑制作用。其中,盐角草与野榆钱菠菜幼苗在生长过程中,当土壤石油污染浓度分别为1.5%和2%时,出现叶片枯黄死亡现象,其生长期只能维持20 d左右。③经过120 d的修复,4种供试植物对土壤中石油烃类污染物都有一定的修复作用,其总石油烃降解率为:鞑靼滨藜﹥盐地碱蓬﹥野榆钱菠菜﹥盐角草。④与其他2种植物相比,鞑靼滨藜和盐地碱蓬具有较大的石油污染耐受性和修复效果,表明其具有修复石油污染土壤的应用潜力。Five treatments with different petroleum pollution levels were designed, and the values of height, fresh weight and root-shoot ratio of 4 halophyte species as well as the total petroleum hydrocarbon content in soil were measured to investigate the adaptability of growth of the tested halophytes in Xinjiang and the improvement of petro- leum-contaminated soils. The results are as follows： （1） Compared with the blank group, petroleum could promote the growth of the 4 tested plant species, but the difference of plant growth was not significant when the petroleum concentration in the oil-contaminated soil was 0.5% ; （2） Growth of the tested plant species was restricted with the increase of petroleum pollution degree, and the leaf scorch and even death of Salicornia europaea and Atripex aucheri in growth season occurred when the petroleum pollution concentrations were 1.5% and 2.0% respectively, and the growth of these halophytes could be maintained for about 20 days; （3） The oil-contaminated soil could be improved to a certain degree after a 120-day phytoremediation, and the decomposition efficiency of total petroleum hydrocarbon content of the four tested plant species was in an order ofA. tatarica 〉 Suaeda salsa 〉 A. aucheri 〉 S. europaea ; （4） Compared the oil-contaminated soil. with other two plant species, A. tatarica and S. salsa were more effective in improving

关 键 词：盐生植物 植物修复 总石油烃含量 土壤污染 克拉玛依 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]