WRF-WSM3微物理方案在青藏高原地区暴雪模拟中的改进及试验  

Development and Validation of WRF–WSM3 Scheme in Simulation of Snowstorm in the Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：王坤[1] 张飞民[1] 孙超[1] 王澄海[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院/甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《大气科学》2014年第1期101-109,共9页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目41071028;41275061;公益性行业(气象)科研专项GYHY201006023

摘　　要：通过青藏高原一次暴雪过程的模拟试验,对WRF模式中的WSM3微物理方案中的降水模拟偏差原因进行了分析,并根据观测试验结果,提出了改进WSM3微物理方案中冰核浓度的2种计算方案。通过调整温度和冰核浓度之间的关系,检验了冰核浓度Pigen过程对降水的影响。结果显示,WSM3方案对青藏高原地区的冰核浓度估计过高;当考虑了冰面过饱和度随温度区间的变化后,计算的冰核浓度可以改进降水的模拟效果;但通过温度的变化和冰面过饱和度二者的调整,降水模拟的效果并不明显。冰核浓度对温度变化的敏感存在着一个范围,冰面过饱和度和温度区间的大小存在一定关系。通过另外2个个例和敏感性试验的研究结果表明,对于温度较高的固态降水,冰核浓度的变化对降水模拟的改进不显著。By using simulation of a snowstorm in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, the precipitation error of the Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） Single-Moment 3-class Microphysics scheme （WSM3） was analyzed. Observation and experiment results indicate that two modified schemes were used to calculate ice nuclei concentration. By adjusting the relationship between temperature and ice nuclei concentration in WSM3, the effects of the Pigen procedure on precipitation was validated; results show that WSM3 overestimates ice nuclei concentration. In addition, the simulation performance of precipitation can be improved by adjusting the relationship between ice nuclei concentration and ice surface saturation. However, the performance of precipitation simulation is not remarkable when both temperature and ice surface saturation are adjusted. Therefore, temperature has relationships with ice surface saturation and ice nuclei concentration. For solid precipitation with higher temperature, the two cases and sensitivity tests indicate that the effect of ice nuclei concentration on precipitation simulation is not significant.

关 键 词：WRF-WSM3微物理方案 冰核浓度 敏感性试验青藏高原暴雪 

分 类 号：P435[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]