单胚与多胚型芒果果实发育及后熟过程中品质特征的变化研究  

Studies on Quality Characteristics during the Development of Different Embryos Sex of Mango Fruit

作　　者：赵家桔[1,2] 张新春[2] 李焕苓[2] 周兆禧[3] 王家保[2] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学应用科技学院儋州校区,海南儋州571737 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海口570102 [3]中国热带农业科学院海口实验站,海口570102

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2013年第11期2273-2277,共5页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(nyhyzx07-032-11)

摘　　要：以芒果单胚型品种‘金煌’、‘贵妃’和多胚型品种‘红玉’、‘白象牙’为试材,选择4个品种栽培管理条件基本一致的同龄芒果园,每品种选取生长势一致植株各18株,自盛花后每品种每周各选取30个果测定其营养成分,比较单胚与多胚类型芒果发育及后熟过程中主要品质特征的变化规律,为提高芒果果实品质及芒果新品种培育提供理论依据。结果显示:(1)单胚品种芒果从果实发育初期到后熟期的可溶性糖和可溶性固形物含量均显著高于多胚品种。(2)不同胚性芒果果实发育过程中可滴定酸含量均呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,且各品种成熟前的最高值和后熟期的最终值均为多胚品种高于单胚品种(‘红玉’>‘白象牙’>‘贵妃’>‘金煌’)。(3)不同胚性芒果果实发育过程中固酸比的变化趋势均为前期平缓,进入后熟期后各品种的固酸比均迅速上升达到最高,其峰值表现为‘金煌’(83.8%)>‘白象牙’(50.04%)>‘贵妃’(49.41%)>‘红玉’(29.52%)。(4)芒果果实的类胡萝卜素含量在后熟期的峰值和最终值单胚品种均显著高于多胚品种,且单胚品种的果肉黄色较多胚品种明显。研究表明,单胚品种芒果的果实品质优于多胚品种。With mono-embryonic of＇ Jinhuang＇ and＇ Guifei ＇, poly-embryonic of ＇ Baixiangya＇ and ＇ Hongyu as test materials from the same age mango orchards and management conditions, we measured the quality characters of 30 fruits each plant, 18 plants each variety after full bloom every week. We compared the variation of main quality characteristics between mono-embryonic and poly-embryonic during fruit development and ripe,in order to provide a theoretical basis for improving the quality of mango fruit and mango cultivation of new varieties. The results showed that. （1）Soluble sugar and soluble solids contents of mono-embryonic varieties mango fruit from the early development to the ripe stage were significantly higher than that of poly-embryonie varieties. （2） Titratable acidity increased firstly and then decreased during mango fruit developmental process. And the highest value of premature fruits and the final values in ripe period of mono-embryonie varieties are much higher than that of poly-embryonic varieties. （＇Hongyu＇） ＇Baixiangya＇〉＇Guifei＇）＇Jinhuang＇）. （3）The solid acid ratio of mango fruits of all varieties are stable before ripe period and are rapidly rising to the highest, with the peak performanee＇Jinhuang＇ （83.8 %）〉＇ Baixiangya＇ （50.04%）〉＇Guifei＇ （49.41 %）〉＇Hongyu＇ （29.52%）. （4）The peak and final values of carotenoid content of mango fruit in ripe period of mono-embryonic varieties were significantly higher than that of poly-embryonic varieties, and the yellow flesh of mono-embryonic varieties more obvious. Research shows that the mango fruit quality of mono-embrvonic varieties is hottor than that of poly-embryonic varieties.

关 键 词：芒果 胚性 果实品质 

分 类 号：Q945.65[生物学—植物学]