高压输变电线电磁场对小学生神经系统和心血管系统影响的初步研究  

Influence of electromagnetic fields from high-voltage transmission power lines on the neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular system of pupils

作　　者：黄炯丽[1] 彭晓武[2] 唐天统[3] 郑晶[2] 王钰钰[2] 胡国成[2] 邹云锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学公共卫生学院,广西南宁530021 [2]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 [3]南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2013年第12期1076-1080,共5页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：环境保护部国家环保公益性行业科研专项(200909107)

摘　　要：目的探讨高压输变电线工频电磁场对小学生神经系统和心血管系统的影响。方法根据环境电磁辐射监测数据,选取高压线工频电磁场辐射强度不同的2所小学为研究现场,距离某500 kV高压线94 m某小学456名小学生为暴露组,距该高压线10 km外周围无明显电磁辐射源的某小学272名小学生为对照组,现场监测2所小学工频电磁场强度,问卷调查小学生基本情况、日常生活家电使用情况和神经系统症状,并进行心血管系统检查。结果暴露组小学的电场强度、磁场强度均高于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,暴露组学生除烦躁/焦虑发生率较高,舒张压较低,心率较高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)外,其他神经系统症状及心血管系统指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高压输变电线工频电磁场可能对小学生的神经系统和心血管系统造成一定程度的不良影响。Objective To explore the influence of electromagnetic fields from high-voltage transmission power lines on the neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular system of pupils. Methods Two primary schools were chosen according to the monitoring data of ambient electromagnetic radiation. The school where 456 pupils chosen as the observation group was 94 m far away from 500 kV high-voltage transmission power line. And the distance from the power line to the other school where 272 pupils selected into the control group was 10 km. Power frequency electromagnetic fields intensity of the two schools was monitored. The basic information, household appliances use condition in daily life and the neuropsychiatric symptoms of the pupils were investigated through field questionnaire survey. The cardiovascular system was examined. Results Compared with the control group, the incidence of dysphoria and anxiety in observation group students was higher. And the diastolic blood pressure was lower, but heart rate inversely, with statistically significant difference （P〈0.05）. Conclusion It suggested that magnetic fields from high-voltage transmission power lines may have adverse effects on neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular system of pupils.

关 键 词：工频电磁辐射 高压输变电线 神经精神系统 心血管系统 影响 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]