北京市丰台区小学生饮水量调查  

Investigation of water intake among primary students in Fengtai district,Beijing

作　　者：秦娟[1] 崔宝荣[1] 常宪平[1] 周慧霞[1] 潘颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市丰台区疾病预防控制中心环境卫生科,北京100071

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2013年第12期1096-1098,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：北京市丰台区科学技术委员会科技三项费项目(2010-14)

摘　　要：目的了解北京市丰台区小学生的饮水量及其影响因素。方法于2011年3月,从北京市丰台区某小学每年级各随机抽取50名小学生,对性别、年龄、居住时间及1周的饮水情况[包括饮水类型(开水、生水、汤、粥、奶、饮料、果汁、豆浆)、饮用频次和饮水量]进行问卷调查。结果共调查小学生300人,饮用量从大到小依次为开水、汤、粥、奶、饮料、果汁、豆浆、生水,分别为590、202、154、150、72、46、42、30 ml/d;1周内喝过饮料和生水的分别占总人数的49.0%和19.3%。小学生饮水量为(1 197±518)ml/d,中位数为1 112 ml/d;其中,直接饮水量为(621±449)ml/d,中位数为525 ml/d;间接饮水量为(576±431)ml/d,中位数为485 ml/d,直接饮水量与间接饮水量差异无统计学意义。饮水量随年龄、身高、体重增加呈上升趋势,男生饮水量高于女生(P<0.05),不同年级学生饮水量间差异明显(P<0.05)。多元回归分析结果表明,男生饮水量比女生平均多134 ml/d(P<0.05);年龄每增加1岁,饮水量平均增加41 ml/d(P<0.05)。结论性别、年龄可能是本次调查的小学生饮水量的主要影响因素。Objective To understand the water intake among primary students and the influencing factors. Methods A total of 300 primary students from 1-6 grades in one primary school were selected by using stratified random sampling. The information on amounts and types of daily water intake was recorded by using a 24 hour measurement for seven consecutive days. Results The amounts of daily water intake about boiled water, soup,porridge,milk,beverages,fruit juice, soymilk and raw water were 590,202,154,150,72,46,42 and 30 ml respectively. The proportion of students drinking beverages and raw water were 49.0% and 19.3% respectively. Combined calculation of the direct and indirect water intake by its water content, the mean of total water intake was （1 197±518） ml/d,and the median was 1 112 ml/d. The mean of direct water intake was （621±449） ml/d ,and the median was 525 ml/d. The mean of indirect water intake was （576±431） ml/d, and the median was 485 ml/d. The average daily water intake increased along with age, height,weight. The average water intake of boys was significantly higher than girls （t=2.459 ,P=0.015）, and there were significant difference of water intake from students in different grades（F=4.886 ,P〈 0.05）. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the average water intake of boys was 134 ml/d higher than that of girls （t=-2.190,P=0.029）,and increased 41 ml/d by age （t=1.975,P=0.049）. Conclusion There are some problems in the habits of drinking water among primary students, gender and age may influence water intake of primary students.

关 键 词：小学生 饮水类型 日均饮水量 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]