揣测类语气副词“X必”的词汇化与主观化  

Lexicalization and Subjectivisation of Conjectural Modality Adverbs “X bi”

作　　者：高育花[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学中国语言文学学院,北京100089

出　　处：《北方论丛》2014年第1期78-83,共6页The Northern Forum

摘　　要：表示揣测的"X必"类语气副词"想必、势必、未必"均由跨层结构演变而来,分别表示必然、未必然的语气,成词时间为战国、东汉和宋代。三个词的词汇化过程均伴随有语法化,但具体过程不同:主观化程度的加强、韵步规律的制约,促成了"想必"的词汇化;第三人称代词"其"语法功能的改变则是"势必"词汇化的决定性条件;"未"特殊的语法意义及与"必"的高频共现促成了"未必"的词汇化。从主观性程度来看,从强到弱依次是:"未必"、"想必"、"势必"。The conjectural modality adverbs ＂xiangbi＂, ＂shibi＂ and ＂weibi＂ all derive from the trans - layered structure, ex- pressing necessarily, necessarily and not necessarily tones, respectively. The process of their lexicalization happens along with gram- maticalization, though different in their evolved mechanisms and degrees of subjectivity. In particular, ＂Wei bi＂ has a higher degree of subjectivity than ＂xiang bi＂ and ＂shibi＂.

关 键 词：揣测类语气副词 词汇化 主观性 主观化 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]