根系分隔和供水水平对玉米间作豌豆产量和耗水特征的影响  

Effects of Root Separation and Irrigation on Yields and Water Use Characteristics of Maize Pea Intercropping Systems

作　　者：陈国栋[1] 柴强[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2013年第12期25-30,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30771264);公益性行业(农业)计划课题(201103001);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD14B10)

摘　　要：在河西绿洲灌区研究玉米／豌豆间作两种作物间根系分隔和供水水平对作物产量、耗水量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明：与单作相比，玉米／豌豆间作具有提高土地利用效率的作用。隔根影响间作土地利用效率和产量提高，根系不分隔问作生物产量比塑料布分隔、尼龙网分隔分别高23．2％～27．5％、10．3％～12．0％，根系不分隔间作经济产量比塑料布分隔、尼龙网分隔分别高10．1％～15．9％、5．6％～10．1％。根系不分隔耗水量较尼龙网分隔、塑料布分隔分别高1．7％～5．2％、2．7％～5．8％，根系分隔对耗水量的效应不显著。高灌水水平下耗水量较低灌水水平高7．3％～16．8％，差异达到显著水平；高、中灌水水平耗水量差异不显著。根系未分隔较尼龙网分隔、塑料布分隔作物wuE分别提高3．9％～6．1％、14．6％～15．1％；中灌水平wUE较高、低灌水平分别提高4．6％～5．1％、16．9％～19．6％，差异达到显著水平。因此，在实际生产中可以用低于地方10％灌水水平（中灌水水平）代替地方习惯灌水水平（高灌水水平）来节省农业用水，提高水分利用效率。The aim of the research is to provide a scientific basis for efficient use of water resources of legume/ cereal intercropping system. A field experiment was carried out in oasis region of Hexi Corri dor, Gansu Province, China under pea/maize intercropping to disclose the effects of root barrier and irrigation levels on crop yields, water consumption and WUE. The results showed that, compared to sole cropping treatment, there was a significant increase of land equivalent ratio （LER） in pea/maize intercropping treatment. Root barrier influenced the increase of LER and yields. The grain yield of without separation was higher than plastic separation and nylon separation by 23.2%- 27. 5% and 10.3%--12.0% ,the dry matter yield of without separation was higher than plastic separation and ny lon separation by 10.1%--15.9% and 5.6%--10.1%. Water consumption of without separation was hiher than that of plastic separation and nylon separation by 1.7%--5.2% and 2.7%--5.8%. Rootseparation did not significantly a{fect the consumption. Water consumption under high irrigation level was 7.3 %--16.8% higher than that in low irrigation level, but the difference between the high and medium irrigation level was not significant. WUE under medium irrigation level was higher than that under high and low irrigation level by 4.6%--5.1% and 16.9%--19.6% ,and the difference was sig nificant. Therefore, we could use medium irrigation level which was10%lower than the local tradition irrigation level to replace the high irrigation level for achieving the purpose of saving water and in creasing WUE.

关 键 词：玉米间作豌豆 隔根 耗水量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S643.3