盆栽条件下不同氮素利用效率油菜农艺性状的差异  

Differences of Agronomic Traits among Different Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)Genotypes with Varied Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Pot Experiment

作　　者：安蓉[1] 曹兰芹[1] 杨睿[1] 伍晓明[2] 陈碧云[2] 高亚军[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,武汉430062 [3]农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2013年第12期43-48,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"项目(NCET-08-0465);西北农林科技大学"创新团队建设计划";西北农林科技大学"青年学术骨干支持计划"项目

摘　　要：油菜盆栽试验表明,在氮素供应水平较高时,氮高效基因型籽粒产量、籽粒占总生物量的比例和每角粒数均高于氮低效基因型,而茎叶生物量、茎叶占总生物量的比例则显著低于氮低效基因型。油菜氮素利用效率与籽粒产量、籽粒产量占总生物量的比例和每角粒数呈正相关,与营养生长阶段和成熟期地上部分生物量、成熟期茎叶生物量、根系生物量、根冠比、总生物量、茎叶生物量占总生物量的比例和根系生物量占总生物量的比例均呈显著或极显著的负相关。在施氮水平较低的情况下,氮高效基因型籽粒产量、籽粒占总生物量的比例、每角粒数、第一个有效分枝高度和单株有效角果数均显著高于氮低效基因型,而茎叶占总生物量的比例则显著低于氮低效基因型。氮素利用效率与籽粒产量、籽粒产量占总生物量的比例、每角粒数、第一个有效分枝高度和单株有效角果数有显著或极显著正相关关系,而与茎叶占总生物量的比例呈极显著负相关关系。氮低效基因型干物质分配比例对供氮水平比氮高效基因型更敏感。The differences of agronomic traits between high-NUE-genotypes and low-NUE-genotypes were analyzed. The results showed that at the high N level, high-NUE-genotypes had higher values of the grain yield, the percentage of grain yield in whole plant biomass and seed number per silique but lower values of stem leaf biomass and the percentage of stem leaf yield in whole plant biomass compared with low-NUE-genotypes. NUE had positive correlation with grain yield, the percentage of grain yield in whole plant biomass and seed number per silique. When more N fertilizer was applied, NUE had significantly negative correlation with shoot biomass at different growth stages and the ma ture stage. NUE also had significantly or extremely significantly negative correlation with stem leaf biomass, root biomass, root shoot ratio, total biomass, the percentage of stem leaf biomass inwhole plant biomass and root biomass in whole plant biomass at the mature stage. At lower N level, high-NUE-genotypes had significantly greater grain yield, higher percentage of grain yield in whole plant biomass, more seed number per silique, longer fist valid branch and more silique per plant than low-NUE-genotypes, but lower percentage of stem leaf biomass in whole plant biomass than low- NUE-genotypes. When less N fertilizer was applied,NUE had significantly or extremely significantly positive correlation with grain yield, the percentage of grain yield in whole plant biomass, seed num ber per silique, the fist valid branch height and silique per plant. While NUE had extremely signifi cantly negative correlation with the percentage of stem leaf yield in whole plant biomass. Dry mat ter distribution in different organs of low-NUEgenotypes was more sensitive to N level than that of high-NUE-genotypes.

关 键 词：油菜 氮素利用效率 基因型 产量 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]