电焊作业工人皮肤科和五官科健康检查结果  

Analysis on results of physical examination in dermatology and otolaryngology among electric welding workers

作　　者：徐鹏[1] 毛叶挺[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省南通市疾病预防控制中心,226007

出　　处：《职业与健康》2013年第24期3298-3300,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的调查电焊工皮肤科和五官科疾患情况。方法选择2011—2012年职业健康监护的186名电焊作业者作为接触组。另选同一地区无毒害作业工人182人作为对照组,对2组工人进行皮肤科、五官科检查。结果与对照组比较,接触组手部皮肤灼热刺痛、潮红、斑丘疹的阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);接触组面部皮肤灼热刺痛、色素沉着阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);接触组五官科检查各项异常总检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);接触组各工龄、年龄组晶状体混浊检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。晶状体混浊出现部位较多的是后囊,混浊形态以点状为多。结论电焊辐射是引起工人皮肤、鼻、喉、眼疾患的主要原因。[ Objective] To investigate the situation of dermatological diseases and otolaryngological diseases among electric welding workers. [Methods] 186 electric welding workers who have received the occupational health surveillance from 2011 to 2012 were collected as the contact group. 182 workers who had not been exposed to the toxic and hazard factors were collected from the same area as the control group. The physical examination in dermatology and otolaryngology were conducted in two groups. [Results] There were significant differences in positive rates of burning ＆ tingling, flushing and maculopapule on hand skin between two groups （P 〈 0.05）. The differences in positive rates of burning ＆ tingling and chromatosis on face skin between two groups were significant （P 〈 0. 05 ）. There were significant differences in total detection rates of otolaryngological abnormalities between two groups （P 〈 0. 05 ）. In the contact group, the differences in detection rate of phacoscotasmus were significant among groups with different length of service, and different age groups （P 〈 0.05）. The lens opacity mainly appeared in posterior capsule, and the form was dominated by punctate opacity. [Conclusion] The welding radiation is the main reason of skin, nasal, throat and eye disorders in workers.

关 键 词：电焊 作业工人 皮肤科 五官科 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]