2008—2012年广西壮族自治区武鸣县流行性腮腺炎的流行特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Wuming County of Guangxi from 2008-2012

作　　者：黄晓玉[1] 危国强[1] 黄肇林 罗盛[1] 覃惠英[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区武鸣县疾病预防控制中心,530100

出　　处：《职业与健康》2013年第24期3331-3333,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解广西壮族自治区武鸣县流行性腮腺炎流行病学特点，为制定有效的防制措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析武鸣县流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征。结果2008-2012年武鸣县报告流行性腮腺炎病例1841例，年平均发病率为59．59／10万，5年间出现1个历时2年的流行期，具有较明显的季节性，冬季和春末夏初是该病的发病高峰期；男性多于女性，男女发病比为1．51：1，发病年龄主要集中在2～14岁人群（82．78％），学生、幼托儿童是主要的发病人群；武鸣各镇均有疫情发生，暴发疫情发生具有该病的季节性特点，发生场所均为乡镇小学。结论武鸣县流行性腮腺炎发病水平较高，建议做好适龄儿童麻疹一风疹一腮腺炎联合疫苗（MMR）接种，并进行腮腺炎疫苗的加强免疫，保证疫苗接种率和有效水平，在流行年期间或发生局部暴发时仍应开展以腮腺炎疫苗应急接种为主的综合防制措施，接种对象重点是幼托儿童和中小学生。[ Objective] To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Wuming County of Guangxi, provide scientific evidence for making the effective prevention measures. [Methods] The epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Wuming County were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. [Results] A total of 1 841 mumps cases were reported in Wuming County from 2008-2012, and the average annual incidence rate was 59. 59/lakh. A two-year epidemic period was observed during 2008-2012. There was an obvious seasonality, which the peak seasons were winter, and the end of spring and the beginning of summer. The male patients were more than female patients, and the male-to-female ratio was 1. 51： 1. The cases were mainly distributed in children aged 2-14 years old, and most of patients were students and kindergarten children. The cases were reported in all townships of Wuming County. The outbreaks had the seasonal characteristics of the mumps, and all occurred in primary schools of townships. [Conclusion] The incidence rate of mumps is high in Wuming County. It is important to implement MMR vaccination among high risk children, and carry out the strengthening immunization of mumps vaccine, to ensure vaccination rates and effective level. The effective measures that include the emergent vaccination for mumps should be taken during epidemic year and local outbreak, and the objects are kindergarten children, as well as primary and middle school students.

关 键 词：流行性腮腺炎 流行特征 分析 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]