作业人员佩戴定制式听力保护耳塞5年追踪研究  

A five-year longitudinal study of wearing individual hearing protection earplugs

作　　者：冯鸿义[1] 张捷[1] 石远[1] 郎燕梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省江阴市疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与职业病防治所,214434 [2]东南大学医学院附属江阴医院

出　　处：《职业与健康》2014年第1期4-7,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：江苏省预防医学科研课题立项项目(项目编号:Y2012042)

摘　　要：目的研究定制耳塞对作业人员听力保护的远期效果，为噪声性听力损伤的预防和干预提供科学方法。方法随机选择某企业200名接触噪声作业人员，佩戴定制听力保护耳塞，于2007至2012年连续追踪5年，比较不同年份作业人员听力的变化及不适反应的发生情况。结果所调查的工作场所中噪声以中高频为主，强度在85．3～93．3dB（A）之间。跟踪调查佩戴定制耳塞人员5年，其各频率听阈无明显变化，听力损失的检出率差异也无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论需要选择合适的护听器，以保护噪声环境下的作业人员。定制耳塞是针对个人不同的耳道结构量身定制的个体防护用品，对预防接触噪声作业人员听力损失有积极作用，适合长期使用。[ Objective] To study the long-term effects of individual hearing protection earplugs （ HPEs ） on hearing protection of workers, and provide scientific method for prevention and intervention of noise -induced hearing loss. [ Methods ] A total of 200 noise-exposed workers were selected by random multistage sampling to wear individual HPEs and to receive 5-year-consecutive-ex- amination from 2007-2012 ,the hearing loss rate was compared between different years. [ Results] The results showed that investiga- ted workplaces noise were med- high frequency and noise intensity was monitored between 85.3 dB（ A } -93.3 dB（ A I. There was no significant difference in each frequency hearing threshold and hearing impairment of workers who received 5-year amination （ P 〉 0.05 ）. [ Conclusion] Suitable hearing protection equipments should be supplied to protect workers away from noise hazards. The individual HPEs ＇ manufacture is according to individual ear canal structure, so it is suitalbe for long time use, and it can play a positive role in protecting the noise-exposed workers＇ hearing.

关 键 词：定制耳塞 听力损失 追踪研究 

分 类 号：R135.8[医药卫生—劳动卫生]