光、氮及其互作对水稻主要生长性状指标的影响  

Interactive Effects of Light Intensity and Nitrogen Supply on Indicators of Main Growth Traits in Rice

作　　者：黄丽芬[1] 全晓艳[1] 张蓉[1] 袁毅[1] 赵伟[1] 姜玲玲[1] 施金琦[1] 庄恒扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学农学院/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《核农学报》2013年第12期1927-1937,共11页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31201154);江苏省科技厅自然科学基金面上项目(BK2009187);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目;江苏省大学生实践创新训练计划项目(2012JSSPITP1388)

摘　　要：水稻生长季节内常因多阴雨而造成弱光胁迫,因此根据不同的光强进行合理配施氮肥具有重要的指导意义。2012年通过水培盆栽试验,在3种光照强度(L0、L1和L2分别为自然光、遮一层光和遮两层光)和3种氮素水平(N1、N2和N3分别为7、21、35 mg·kg-1N)下,以2个杂交籼稻和2个粳稻为供试材料,研究了光、氮及其互作对水稻主要生长性状指标的影响。结果表明:在相同生育期和光照强度下,各生长性状指标值均随着氮素供应浓度的升高而增加。在21、35 mg·kg-1氮素水平下,籼稻茎蘖数表现为:L2<L0<L1,而粳稻茎蘖数表现为L2<L1<L0。各关键生育期随着光照强度的减弱,水稻的株高和叶片SPAD逐渐增加。水稻叶面积在拔节期随着光照强度的减弱逐渐减小,在成熟期逐渐增大。光强、氮素、品种各单因素对水稻4个性状指标的影响效应都达到极显著,且大于各因素的互作效应。光氮互作效应对株高、叶面积的影响在抽穗与成熟期均极显著大于其他因素的互作效应。本试验数据表明:当水稻受到弱光胁迫时,在生育中后期株高更高、叶片SPAD值和叶面积更大,表现为贪青迟熟,且这种现象随着氮素水平的升高变得更加明显。Rainy weather in the seasons of rice growing often causes weak light stress. So it＇ s meaningful to study the interactive effects of light intensity and nitrogen supply. As a result, people can spread nitrogen fertilizer rationally according to the different light intensity. Under hydroponic pot conditions, with two Indica types and two Japonica types as experimental materials, two elements including light intensity （L0,L1 and L2） and nitrogen supply （N1 ,N2 and N3 represent 7,21 and 35 mg · kg-1 respectively） were conducted in 2012 to study the interaction effects of light and nitrogen on the indicators of main growth traits in rice. The results showed that at the same growth stage and light intensity, values of the main growth traits increased with the concentration of nitrogen supply. At the same nitrogen level, tiller numbers of rice were shown as follows： Under the nitrogen level of 21,35 mg · kg-1, two Indica rice varieties were shown as L2 〈 L0 〈 L1, while two Japonica rice varieties were characterized by L2 〈 L1 〈 L0. At the stages of jointing, heading and maturity, the rice height and the value of leaf SPAD gradually increased with the light intensity weakening. Moreover, as the light intensity decreased gradually, leaf area decreased at elongation stage while increased at maturity stage. In this paper, by the effects of each single factor, such as light intensity, nitrogen levels and rice varieties, four growth traits had extremely significant differences among different varieties. Moreover, the effects of each single factor were significantly greater than those interaction effects. In this paper, it is demonstrated that when rice is in weak light stress, it will be unfavorable-delayed senescence, taller, higher values of leaf SPAD and leaf area. This phenomenon becomes more obvious with the increase of nitrogen level.

关 键 词：光照强度 氮素 水稻 生长性状 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]