基于图像处理的铝合金薄板激光切割质量研究  

Studyon Laser Cutting Qualityof Aluminum AlloySheet Based on Imagine Processing

作　　者：王彦飞[1] 王续跃[1] 徐文骥[1] 郭东明[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院精密与特种加工教育部重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《中国激光》2014年第1期52-58,共7页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50975041;51375073)

摘　　要：为加深激光切割中材料去除机理的认识,利用Imagine-Pro Pluse(IPP)图像处理技术研究了激光切割去除熔化物颗粒形状及其特征尺寸分布。基于气熔比控制的试验方法,对0.85mm厚的1000系铝合金薄板进行了激光切割试验。通过对颗粒图像度量标准的设定,去除熔化物颗粒形貌分为圆形颗粒、类圆形颗粒和蝌蚪形颗粒。图像处理结果表明:随气熔比的增大,去除熔化物颗粒中圆形颗粒所占百分比越来越大,类圆形颗粒和蝌蚪形颗粒所占百分比越来越小,且各形状颗粒平均特征尺寸随气熔比的增大而减小。同时对切口质量进行了测量,得到切口质量随着气熔比的增加而提高。建立了熔化物去除模型,揭示了熔化物去除与切割质量有着直接密切的关系,并最终得到了较高质量切口和缝阵天线薄板样件。To understand the material removal mechanism better in laser cutting, the shape and characteristic parameter distribution of removal melt particles are obtained through image processing with imagine-pro plus （IPP） software. Laser cutting of 1000 series aluminum alloy sheets with thickness of 0.85 mm, is carried out based on the vapour-melt ratio controlled. The removal melt particles are classified three kinds of shape through the metric rule, including the rounded particle, the quasi-rounded particle and the tadpole-shape particle. The results show the percentage of rounded particles increases in removal melt particles with vapour-melt ratio increasing, but the percentage of quasi-rounded and tadpole-shape decreases, and the average size of particles reduces with vapour-melt ratio increasing. Also the cutting quality improves with the increase of vapour-melt ratio in test. A removal model is established, which indicates that the cutting quality has a significant relationship with removal melt. Finally the high quality cutting and the slot array antenna sheet are obtained .

关 键 词：激光技术 激光切割 铝合金薄板 图像处理 气熔比 去除熔化物 切割质量 

分 类 号：TG485[金属学及工艺—焊接]