移殖“标准化”背角无齿蚌监测五里湖重金属污染  

Biomonitoring of heavy metal pollution in Wulihu Bay of Taihu Lake by transplanting “standardized” Anodonta woodiana

作　　者：陈修报[1] 苏彦平[1] 刘洪波[1] 杨健[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,中国水产科学研究院内陆渔业生态环境与资源重点开放实验室,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2014年第1期225-231,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31072214);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2013JBFR05);人力资源与社会保障部高层次留学人才回国工作资助项目(2-115084)

摘　　要：移殖生物因子相同、遗传质量稳定和污染本底值低的"标准化"背角无齿蚌至太湖五里湖,并以仍养殖在未受污染的中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心南泉基地的同批蚌作为对照,每3个月回收蚌样,应用电感耦合等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)研究了重金属Al、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Mo、Ag、Cd、Ba、Tl和Pb的含量变化.结果表明,"标准化"背角无齿蚌对重金属的积累与特定的季节/时间密切相关,在夏季的含量明显低于春季.移殖五里湖3个月蚌样中Mo和Tl的含量显著高于相应的对照组(P<0.05),而前者Ba的含量显著低于后者(P<0.05).移殖五里湖6个月蚌样中As的含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05).综合重金属污染指数(MPI)和我国及国际上的相关限量标准评价显示,五里湖和南泉基地水体中重金属的含量处于相同水平,重金属污染均不明显.＂Standardized＂ Anodonta woodiana mussels, with the same biological factors, stable inherited quality, and low contamination background, were transplanted to Wulihu Bay of Taihu Lake for assessment of heavy metal pollution. Meanwhile, the same batch mussels were continually reared in the unpolluted pond of Nanquan Aquatic Base of Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences as control. Ten individuals were recollected every three months to determine heavy metal （Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Ag, Cd, Ba, T1, and Pb） concentrations using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer （ICP-MS）. The results showed that metal bioaccumulation in the mussels appeared to be transplant period-/seasonal-dependent and the higher concentrations were generally found in the spring-collected mussels than in the summer-collected mussels. Additionally, concentrations of Mo and T1 in the mussels transplanted to Wulihu Bay for three months were significantly higher than those in the control mussels of Nanquan Aquatic Base （P〈0.05）, while concentration of Ba in the former was significantly lower than the latter （P〈0.05）. Concentration of As in mussels transplanted to Wulihu area for six months were significantly lower （P〈0.05） than that in the control mussels. Nevertheless, both aquatic environments of Wulihu Bay and Nanquan Aquatic Base should be without obvious pollution by the aforementioned metals, based on the assessment of integrated metal pollution index （MPI） and comparison with the corresponding national and international residual limits for aquatic products.

关 键 词：“标准化”背角无齿蚌 移殖 生物监测 重金属 生物积累 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]