谷子四体的细胞学和形态学研究  

A Study on the Cytology and Morphology of the Tetrasomics in Foxtail Millet

作　　者：高俊华[1] 毛丽萍[1] 王润奇[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院谷子研究所,河北石家庄050031

出　　处：《作物学报》2000年第6期801-805,共5页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;河北省自然科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：报道了在谷子初级三体的群体中发现了四体 、四体 、和四体 。运用细胞学方法对三种四体进行了染色体核型分析 ,其染色体数均为 2 n+2 =2 0。四体的两个额外染色体与其同源的两个染色体形成四价体的稳定结构。减数分裂时染色体的联会有四种形式 ,其中以 8 +2 形式最多 ,在后期容易形成 2 / 2均衡分离。四体 、四体 植株形态便于鉴定 ,在子代中传递率较高。Tetrasomic Ⅳ, Ⅷ and Ⅸ were discovered from primary trisomic population of fox tail millet, Kargotype analysis of the three kinds of tetrasomics showed that th eir chromosome numbers were invariably 2n+2=20. The two additional chromosomes o f the tetrasomics formed a stable quadrivalent with two other autochromosomes. I n meiosis, there were four kinds of chromosome configuration, with 8Ⅱ+2Ⅱ, whic h would segregate evenly later, the most commonly occurred one . The morphology of te trasomic Ⅷ and tetrasomic Ⅸ plant could be easily distinguished and their tran smit rates were very high. These characteristics enable them to replace their co rresponding trisomics in genetic analysis.

关 键 词：谷子 四体 染色体核型分析 减数分裂 形态学 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]