光敏胞质不育小麦花药发育过程中ATP酶的定位研究  

Ultrastructural Localization of ATPase Activity in Anther of Photoperiod sensitive Cytoplasmic Male sterile Wheat

作　　者：孟祥红[1] 王建波[1] 利容千[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学植物发育生物学教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《作物学报》2000年第6期851-860,共10页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金;武汉大学青年都师基金资助项目

摘　　要：采用磷酸铅沉淀法 (酶孵育离子为 Mg2 +)研究了不同日照条件下光敏胞质不育小麦花药发育过程中 ATPase分布的变化。结果表明 :短日照条件下花粉可育 ,单核早期 ATPase主要分布在花粉表面和细胞核中 ,花粉外壁、质膜及细胞质中有少量的 ATPase分布 ;随着花粉的发育 ,其表面、外壁、内壁、质膜及细胞质内 ATPase进一步增多 ;花粉即将成熟时 ,花粉表面、外壁内、营养核、精子细胞质及核内有大量 ATPase分布 ,但花粉细胞质仅观察到线粒体中有少量 ATPase分布。药壁细胞及细胞间隙内均有 ATPase的分布 ,其分布位置和数量随花粉的发育而变化。药隔细胞内 ATPase随花粉的发育数量逐渐增多 ,分布位置发生变化。长日照条件下花粉败育发生在单核之前或花粉即将成熟时 ,其 ATPase的分布与可育花药相比存在一定的差异。根据 ATPase的分布特点认为早期花粉败育与物质和能量代谢有关 ;Lead phosphate was used to locate ATPase in fertile and sterile anth ers of photoperiod sensitive cytoplasmic male-sterile wheat ( Triticum aestivu m L.). The quantity and distribution of ATPase in pollen changed during the po llen development and were different between fertile and sterile anthers under differe nt daylight exposure. The anthers were fertile under short daylight exposure. AT Pase mainly distributed on the surface and nucleus of preuninucleate pollen whil e little ATPase appeared in exine,cytoplasm and on plasmalemma at the same stage . ATPase distributed on the surface of pollen,plasmalemma, in exine and cytopla sm gradually increased with the pollen development. When the pollen was about to m ature,there was little ATPase distribution on the cytoplasm of trinucleate polle n in which abundant starch grains accumulated,but abundant ATPase located on the surface of pollen, in exine, vegetative nucleus and sperm cells. The quantity and distribution of ATPase in the cells of anther including anther wall and c onnective tissue changed, which correlated with the pollen development. The anthers were sterile under long daylight exposure. The ATPase distributed in st erile anthers was different in comparison with the fertile anthers,showing that the lack of substance and energy resulted in the early pollen abortion but was n ot the direct reason for the late abortive pollen.

关 键 词：光敏胞质不育 小麦 花药发育 ATP酶 分布 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]