2龄青鱼对7种饲料原料中营养物质的表观消化率  

Nutrient Apparent Digestibility in Seven Feed Ingredients for Two-Year-Old Black Carp( Mylopharyngodon piceus Richardson)

作　　者：明建华[1,2] 叶金云[1] 张易祥[1] 谢骏[2] 杨霞[1] 邵仙萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院生命科学学院,湖州313000 [2]农业部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,无锡214081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2014年第1期161-169,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-46-21);国家自然科学基金(31372544);农业部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室开放课题(KF201302);浙江省重大科技专项(2010C02001);湖州市自然科学资金项目(2013YZ07)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究2龄青鱼对国产鱼粉、蝇蛆粉、玉米蛋白粉、大豆粕、花生粕、棉籽粕和菜籽粕中干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总磷、总能和氨基酸的表观消化率。试验饲料由70％基础饲料和30％待测饲料原料组成，并以0．5％的三氧化二铬（Cr2O3）为外源指示剂。选取平均体重为（190．98±1．81）g的2龄青鱼216尾，随机分成8组，每组3个重复，每个重复9尾鱼。对照组试验鱼饲喂基础饲料，试验组试验鱼随机饲喂1种试验饲料。饲喂1周后采用自排法收集粪便待测。结果表明：7种饲料原料中干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总磷、总能和总氨基酸的表观消化率的范围分别为61．68％-84．42％、81．44％-93．49％、64．41％-97．38％、39．94％-78．74％、70．47％-89．52％和83．57％-96．42％。在7种饲料原料中，玉米蛋白粉的干物质和总磷的表观消化率最高，而大豆粕的粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总能和总氨基酸的表观消化率最高；棉籽粕的干物质、总磷和总能的表观消化率最低，蝇蛆粉的粗蛋白质和玉米蛋白粉的粗脂肪的表观消化率也最低。7种饲料原料中粗蛋白质表观消化率与总氨基酸表观消化率的变化趋势一致，且均以棉籽粕和蝇蛆粉较低。由此可见，2龄青鱼对大豆粕的利用效果最佳，其次是花生粕与国产鱼粉，这二者相当；玉米蛋白粉和菜籽粕也是2龄青鱼较好的植物性蛋白质源，可适量添加用于降低饲料成本；2龄青鱼对棉籽粕和蝇蛆粉中粗蛋白质和总氨基酸的表观消化率均较低，应控制其在饲料中的用量。This experiment was conducted to determine the apparent digestibility of dry matter （ DM）, crude protein （ CP）, ether extract （ EE）, total phosphorus （ TP）, gross energy （GE） and amino acids （AA） in do- mestic fish meal, maggot meal, corn gluten meal, soybean meal, peanut meal, cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal for two-year-old black carp （Mylopharyngodon piceus Richardson）. The experimental diets were consis- ted of 70% basal diet and 30% test feed ingredients, and added 0.5% CrzO3 as a exogenous indicator. Two hundred and sixteen two-year-old black carp with an average body weight of （ 190.98 _ 1.81 ） g were random- ly divided into 8 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 9 fish in each replicate. The fish in control group were fed a basal diet, and those in experiment groups were randomly fed one of seven test diets. The fecal samples were collected by abdominal pressure method after feeding one week. The results showed that the ran- ges of apparent digestibility of DM, CP, EE, TP, GE and total AA in seven feed ingredients were 61.68% to 84.42%, 81.44% to 93.49%, 64.41% to 97.38%, 39.94% to 78.74%, 70.47% to 89.52% and 83.57 % to 96.42 %, respectively. In the seven feed ingredients, the highest apparent digestibility of DM and TP was found in corn gluten meal, while soybean meal had the highest apparent digestibility of CP, EE, GE and total AA; the lowest apparent digestibility of DM, TP and GE was found in cottonseed meal, and the CP in maggot meal and EE in corn gluten meal had the lowest apparent digestibility. The apparent digestibility of CP was consistent with that of total AA in the seven feed ingredients, and the cottonseed meal and maggot meal had the lower apparent digestibility of CP and total AA. In conclusion, soybean meal shows the best utilization effects for two-year-old black carp, followed by peanut meal and domestic fish meal, and both of them have the same apparent digestibility. Corn gluten meal and rapeseed meal are also good plant protein sources for t

关 键 词：2龄青鱼 饲料原料 营养物质 表观消化率 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]