论我国水资源的所有权客体属性及其实践功能  

Water Resources' Nature as Ownership Object and Its Practical Functions in China

作　　者：单平基[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学法学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2014年第1期68-79,共12页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金青年项目(12YJC820016)"水资源危机的私法应对";国家社科基金项目(11BFX006)"现代权利理论研究";江苏省法学会课题(SFH2012D09)"自然资源危机的私法应对"

摘　　要：水资源的日益重要性使其在法律上逐渐与土地资源分离,成为独立的所有权客体,且不悖于所有权客体特定性原则。在比较罗马法中的共用物、法国的公产、德国的公物及日本的公用物、公共用物等公共物品类型的基础上,应将我国的水资源界定为公共用物并为其选择所适用的法律规则。水资源公共用物的定性不仅有利于彰显水资源负载利益的全民性,将其与满足行政目的的公用物相区分,而且为理顺水资源由全民所有、宪法上国家所有至民法上国家所有等所有权类型的转化路径,直到为人人平等享有用水机会创设的水权制度提供了深层理论基础。With their growing importance, water resources are legally separated from land resources step by step and become independent ownership object subsequently, which is in line with the rules of particularity of ownership object. Based on comparative analysis of the public goods types such as the publica juris gentium in Roman Law, the domaine pub- lie in France, the Offentliches Sachenrecht in Germany, the res public use and ？ ffentlichen Sachen im Gemeingebranch in Japan, this article defines the nature of water resources in China as .9 ffentlichen Saehen im Gemeingebraueh and establish applicable rules. The definition of Water Resources＂ Nature as .9 ffenflichen Sachen im Gemeingebrauch shall provide the deep theoretical basis not only for the transformation from the water resources ownership of the whole people to the state ownership on water resources in constitution and the further transformation to the state ownership on water resources in civil law, but also for everyone＇s right to use the water resources equally and for establishing the system of water resources state ownership - water rights.

关 键 词：水资源 所有权客体 公产 公物 公共用物 

分 类 号：DF466[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]