论涉外遗嘱法律适用制度的发展趋势——兼论《涉外民事关系法律适用法》第32、33条的解释与完善  

The Developing Trend of Application of Law in Foreign- related Testament

作　　者：李建忠 

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学法政学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2014年第1期176-185,共10页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：2013年浙江理工大学哲学社会科学科研攀登计划项目(13106040-Y)"国际私法的历史逻辑与中国国际私法的现代化"

摘　　要：在遗嘱的法律适用制度领域存在两大趋势:一是在体例结构上采用继承与遗嘱分立模式下的"遗嘱"体例;二是在同一制与区别制的应用上采用同一制。《涉外民事关系法律适用法》第四章采用法定继承与遗嘱分立的体例结构,在实践中将导致遗嘱法律适用制度结构残缺。在处理遗嘱方式法律适用时,该法采纳了同一制,但弃用了1961年《海牙遗嘱处分方式法律冲突公约》中的"住所"和涉及不动产时的"不动产所在地"连接点,弱化了公约在遗嘱方式上倡导的尽量使遗嘱方式有效原则。此外,该法第33条"遗嘱效力"概念语义含糊,必然给法院的审判活动带来困扰。鉴此,我国相关职能部门应当就相关法条做合理解释,并在必要时对相关制度予以修订。There are two main tendencies in the application of law for testament ： one is the adoption of testament struc- ture under the mode of scission of succession and testament, the other is the adoption of unitary system between scission system and unitary system. The Chapter 4 of the PRC Law on the Application of Laws to Foreign - Related Civil Relations adopts a special structure in which the whole system of the application of law for succession is divided into intestate succes- sion and testament, such kind of structure will inevitably create an incomplete body for the system of the application of law for testament. And on the application of law for the form of testament, the Law adopted the unitary system, but discards the connecting factors of ＂domicile＂ and ＂the place of immovable＂ which are proposed in the Convention on the Conflicts of Laws Relating to the Form of Testamentary Dispositions, and weakens the principle of validating the form of testamentary disposition advocated in the convention. Furthermore, the term of＂ effect of testament＂ stipulated in Art. 33 of the Law has a fuzzy meaning, and will inevitably make troubles for the practices of courts. In view of those, the relevant departments should make some reasonable interpretation to those articles, and revise relating articles at a proper time.

关 键 词：涉外遗嘱 涉外继承 涉外民事关系法律适用法 

分 类 号：DF97[政治法律—国际法学]