黑岱沟露天煤矿排土场不同植被配置对生物土壤结皮拓殖和发育的影响  

Effect of re-vegetation types on colonization and growth of biological soil crusts of dumping site in open pit coal mine of Heidaigou

作　　者：赵洋[1] 张鹏[1] 胡宜刚[1] 黄磊[1] 虎瑞[1] 刘美玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠研究试验站,兰州730000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第2期269-275,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB3-13-03);国家自然科学基金项目(41201084和41201086)资助

摘　　要：2012年8—9月对内蒙古准格尔旗黑岱沟露天煤矿排土场乔木、乔木+灌木、乔木+草本(禾本科)、乔木+草本(豆科)和撂荒地5种人工植被配置条件下生物土壤结皮(BSCs)盖度和厚度进行了调查。结果表明:不同植被配置条件下BSCs的总盖度均超过了50%,乔木和乔木+草本(豆科)配置条件下藓类结皮的盖度最高,分别为56%和43%,显著高于其他配置条件下藓类结皮的盖度;乔木+草本(禾本科)配置条件下藓类结皮的盖度最高(34%),显著高于其他配置条件下藓类结皮的盖度。不同植被配置条件下BSCs的厚度均超过了0.30 cm,其中乔木+灌木配置条件下的BSCs厚度最高为0.55 cm,显著高于其他配置条件下BSCs厚度。露天煤矿排土场进行植被恢复有助于BSCs的拓殖和发育,植被配置类型和植被盖度显著影响BSCs的盖度和厚度。During August to September of 2012, a survey on coverage and thickness of biological soil crusts （BSCs） was carried on a dumping site in the open pit coal mine of Heidaigou in Inner Mongolia. Fifteen woody plots with a size of 10 m - 10 m, 45 herbage plots with a size of 1.0 m - 1.0 m and 150 biological soil crusts plots with a size of 0.2 m - 0.2 m were set under five re- vegetation types of arbor, arbor ＋ shrub, arbor ＋ herbage （Gramineae）, arbor ＋ herbage （Legw- minosae） and abandoned farmland. The results showed that the total coverage of BSCs was more than 50% under each of the five re-vegetation types. The algae crust coverage under arbor and arbor ＋ herbage （Leguminosae） re-vegetations was 56% and 43%, respectively, being higher than under other re-vegetation types. The moss crust coverage under arbor ＋ herbage （Gramine- ae） re-vegetation was 34%, being higher than under other re-vegetation types. The thickness of BSCs under arbor ＋ shrub re-vegetation was 0.55 cm, being higher than under other re-vegeta- tion types. Vegetation restoration is beneficial to BSCs colonizing and growth at the dumping site of the open pit coal mine, and re-vegetation types and vegetation coverage significantly influence BSCs coverage and thickness.

关 键 词：排土场 生物土壤结皮 盖度 人工植被 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]