宁夏宁东地区沙蒿金叶甲种群动态及其影响因子  

Population dynamics of Chrysolina aeruginosa in Ningdong region of Ningxia and the related influencing factors

作　　者：张大治[1] 赵娜[2] 李岳诚[2] 马艳[1] 王旭[1] 解嘉成 马成丽[1] 陈红彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学生命科学学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第2期346-351,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160435);宁夏自然科学基金项目(NZ1162);高校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20126401110003)资助

摘　　要：沙蒿金叶甲是沙蒿的主要害虫之一，近年来在我国西北荒漠地区危害严重，导致大量沙蒿死亡。本文在宁夏宁东地区荒漠景观中选择了生长在荒漠草原沙壤土质丘陵地、流动半流动沙丘地、人工固定沙丘地3个以沙蒿为主要建群种的样地，调查了沙蒿金叶甲的种群数量动态及其垂直分布规律。结果显示，沙蒿金叶甲在3类生境中的平均虫口密度分别为10．54、11．55和8．53只·丛^-1，有虫株率分别为81．54％、85．15％和85．92％，3个样地中沙蒿金叶甲种群数量差异不显著。沙蒿金叶甲种群在3个样地中的发生均呈单峰型，在7月下旬至8月中旬种群数量最大。沙蒿金叶甲在沙蒿上的垂直空间分布主要集中在中、上段（40～70cm），在不同株高段的虫口密度与其分布高度间存在极显著的相关性。相关分析显示，沙蒿金叶甲种群数量变动与沙蒿地径、新梢长度、海拔等因子密切相关；主成分分析及灰色关联分析显示，沙蒿金叶甲种群数量变动与平均气温呈正相关，在一定范围内平均气温升高有利于其种群数量的增长。Chrysolina aeruginosa （Coleoptera, ＂Cfirysomelidae） is one of main pests of Artemisia ordosica. In recent years, this phytophagous beetle has spread rapidly throughout Northwest Chi- na, which has led to mass mortalities of A. ordosica. This pest has produced great damage to the local ecology. Three habitats of A. ordosica （silty-loam hilly land, mobile and semi-mobile sandy land, and manually-fixed sandy land） in Ningdong region of Ningxia were selected as study sites to investigate the population dynamics and vertical distribution of C. aeruginosa. The results showed that the average population densities of C. aeruginosa in three habitats were 10.54, 11.55 and 8.53 individuals pear clump, respectively. The victimization rates of A. ordosica were 81.54%, 85.15% and 85.92%, respectively, but the population of C. aeruginosa had not sig- nificant difference in three habitats. All population curves showed a single peak and the largest population occurred in late July to mid-August in 2012 in the three habitats. The vertical distri- bution of C. aeruginosa was mainly in the canopy layer and middle layer （40-70 cm）. There was a highly significant correlation between the population density of C. aeruginosa and its verti- cal distribution in different height ranges of A. ordosica. Correlation analysis showed that the population dynamics of C. aeruginosa were closely related to diameter and burgeon length of A. ordosica and the altitude. Based on principal component analysis and gray correlation analy- sis, population dynamics of C. aeruginosa was positively correlated with the mean temperature and increasing temperature could promote its population growth within a certain range.

关 键 词：沙蒿金叶甲 种群动态 垂直分布 环境因子 荒漠景观 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]