新疆地区荷斯坦干奶牛与泌乳牛四季NH_3排放量变化的研究  

Study on Ammonia Emissions between Holstein Dry Cows and Lactating Cows in Four Seasons in Xinjiang Area

作　　者：孙斌[1] 龚飞飞[1] 张浩[2] 张宝刚 邵伟[1] 余雄 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]伊犁职业技术学院,伊犁835000 [3]伊宁市新生源奶牛养殖农民专业合作社,伊犁835000 [4]新疆肉乳用草食动物实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2014年第1期1-4,共4页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：国家奶牛产业技术体系(CARS-37);"十二五"国家科技支撑项目<牧区及农牧交错带奶牛健康养殖技术集成及产业化示范>(2012BAD12B09);<新疆肉牛安全高效饲养关键技术研究与示范>(2011BAD47B02);自治区重大专项<新疆农区奶牛健康养殖及疫病防控技术推广与示范>(20101230694)

摘　　要：试验于2011年7月～2012年7月在同一栋牛舍内对20头干奶牛和20头泌乳牛分别进行了四季氨气排放量测定，每个季节根据气象信息所提供的当地气温，分别在季前、季中、季末共选取气温相近的18d，分别对干奶牛（9d）与泌乳牛（9d）进行监测。通过测定不同时间段牛舍内NH3的浓度，把3次实测值进行累加，计算出24h奶牛NH3的排放值。结果表明，四季试验期间干奶牛舍内平均NH3排放量是6．42g／（头·d），四季泌乳牛舍内平均NH、排放量是10．62g／（头·d）。四季温度的变化对奶牛排放NH3有一定的影响。奶牛NH3的排放量与奶牛的采食量、饲料配方和饲料中CP水平有关，一头体重500kg左右的奶牛一年产生约3．6kg的氨气：In this study, ammonia emissions for 20 dry cows and 20 lactating cows in a barn were measured respectively in four seasons from July 2011 to July 2012. The local temperature was provided by meteorological information for each season, 18 days with similar temperature were selected in pre-, mid- and post- of each season for dry cows （9 days） and lactating cows （9 days）. NH3 emission values for 24h in a barn were cumulative calculated by measuring in three different time periods. Results showed that in this test period the average NH3 emission for dry cow house in four seasons was 6.42g / （head.d）, the average NH3 emission for lactating cow house was 10.62 g / （head.d）. The seasonal changes in temperature have a certain impact on NH3 emission for dairy cattle. NH3 emissions for dairy cows was related with feed intake, feed nutrient concentrations and the level of dietary CP, a cow with the weight of 500kg could produce about 3.6kg of ammonia in one year.

关 键 词：NH3排放量 干奶牛 泌乳牛 季节 

分 类 号：S823.91[农业科学—畜牧学]