油藏内源微生物生长代谢及驱油特性研究  

Reservoir Indigenous Microorganisms Growth Metabolism and Its Oil Displacement Characteristics

作　　者：夏小雪[1] 朱维耀[1] 李娟[1] 龙运前[1] 郭省学[2] 宋智勇[2] 汪卫东[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]中石化胜利油田分公司采油工艺研究院,山东东营257000

出　　处：《石油天然气学报》2014年第1期122-126,9,共5页Journal of Oil and Gas Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50934003);国家科技重大专项(2011ZX05010)

摘　　要：采用来自胜利油田沾3区块的内源混合微生物,通过微生物镜检和表面张力测定试验,考察了压力和孔隙介质对混合微生物生长代谢的影响,同时模拟油藏高温高压条件,利用研制的微观仿真光刻蚀可视模型,对微生物驱油过程进行了跟踪观察。研究表明:油藏高压条件下,微生物的生长和衰减缓慢;孔隙介质的存在使微生物的生长周期延长;微生物与原油作用后,可使原油乳化、降解。在微生物微观驱油试验中,发现微生物代谢产生的生物表面活性剂可改变、增强剩余油的流动性,并在驱替过程中出现了"润湿反转"、"波及体积扩大"和"前缘断脱"等现象,具有其他化学剂驱无法比拟的特性,显著改善了驱油效果。In order to research the influence of pressure and porous media on the mixed bacteria growth metabolism,indigenous mixed bacterium from Block Zhan3of Shengli Oilfield was used to do the experiment of microscopy and surface tension measurement.The process of indigenous microorganisms oil displacement was simulated by using microscopic light etching visual model to simulate the reservoir conditions under high temperature and high pressure.Research showed that under high reservoir pressure condition,the growth of microorganisms metabolism and attenuation were slow,the existence of porous media expanded its growth cycle.After the microorganisms were reacted with the crude oil,it would induced crude oil emulsion and degradation.Through the microscopic oil displacement experiment,it can be found out that the biosurfactant would change the liquidity of the remaining oil,and induce'reversal wettability',expand the'swept volume'and 'leading edge break off'in the subsequent water flooding,which improve the oil displacement effect remarkably,it has the property that chemical displacement could not be compared with it.

关 键 词：内源微生物 孔隙介质 生长代谢 驱油特性 提高采收率 

分 类 号：TE357.9[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]