施用城市污泥堆肥对土壤微生物群落结构变化的影响  

Microbial community dynamics in soil amended with sewage sludge compost

作　　者：张鑫[1] 党岩[1] 冯丽娟[1] 张立秋[1] 封莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水体污染源控制技术北京市重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2014年第2期716-722,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(201109041;201209048)

摘　　要：在温室条件下进行了15周的盆栽实验，考察了施用城市污泥堆肥后，土壤中养分含量的变化规律，重点研究了施用城市污泥堆肥对土壤微生物群落结构变化的影响。实验发现，污泥堆肥能改善土壤养分，有机质和氮、磷含量得到显著提高。经PCR—DGGE分析，施肥1周后土壤中细菌和真菌的群落结构均发生了较大的变化。随着施肥时间的延长，细菌在富含有机质及氮、磷等养分的土壤环境下大量生长，多样性提高，其优势菌群属于γ变形菌、α变形菌和芽单胞菌；随着有机质的不断消耗，细菌的生长活性受到抑制，最终由于养分的缺乏，细菌种群多样性呈现小幅度的降低，优势菌群变为绿弯菌门、γ变形菌亚纲和厚壁菌门。对于真菌，其多样性指数在堆肥前3周逐渐提升，在第3～12周的监测中呈现相对稳定的变化趋势，优势菌群主要为座囊菌纲和散囊菌纲。Pot experiments were carried out under greenhouse conditions for 15 weeks to investigate the var- iations of nutrient contents and in particular microbial community dynamics in the soil amended with sewage sludge compost. It was found that sludge-compost significantly increased the levels of soil nutrients, such as or- ganic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus. Through PCR-DGGE analysis, marked changes were observed in both bacterial and fungal community in soil a week after sludge compost amendments. Afterwards, massive growth of bacteria occurred in the soil being rich in organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus. The bacterial diversity in- creased simultaneously and the dominant groups of bacteria belonged to γ-proteobacteria, α-proteobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes. With the consumption of organic matters, bacteria growth activity became inhibited. As a re- sult, the bacterial diversity showed a slight reduction. The dominant groups of bacteria shifted to Chloroflexi, γ- Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. In terms of fungi, the diversity index increased gradually in the initial three weeks, and then was relatively stable trend during 3 - 12 weeks. The dominant groups of fungi belonged to Do- thideomycetes and Eurotiomycetes.

关 键 词：污泥堆肥 土壤 微生物群落 PCR—DGGE 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]