狼蛛的化学感受器在寻觅定位猎物中的作用研究  

The Response of Pardosa pseudoannulata's Chemoreceptor in Locating the Prey

作　　者：汪波[1,2] 黄婷[1] 韩梦 汪昕蕾 常玉婷 黄欣怡 李妍钰 颜亨梅[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,长沙410081 [2]北京师范大学珠海分校,广东珠海519087

出　　处：《四川动物》2014年第1期86-89,共4页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.31172107;31372159);广东省大学生创新训练项目(No.1317713021;1317712037)

摘　　要：为探明蜘蛛的化学感受器在寻觅定位猎物中的作用,本研究以拟环纹豹蛛Pardosa pseudoannulata为捕食者、以果蝇为猎物,将蜘蛛饲养在室温23℃±1℃下,使其适应于当前的生长环境。以果蝇成虫饲养狼蛛,使其熟悉猎物气味。实验前,停止供给猎物,使狼蛛处于饥饿状态。一个星期后进行实验,采用Y型嗅觉仪法在黑暗条件下研究了狼蛛对猎物体液气味和体表气味的灵敏度反应。结果表明在实验距离内,狼蛛均能够正确选择有果蝇体液气味端,选择指数显著高于无果蝇体液气味端(P<0.05),停留时间显著高于无果蝇体液气味端(P<0.05),但当狼蛛与有果蝇体液气味端距离增大后,狼蛛对气味敏感程度下降,当狼蛛与气味源距离达到11 cm后,虽然狼蛛仍然能够正确选择有果蝇体液气味端,但选择指数显著下降(P<0.05),回归分析显示,狼蛛对有果蝇体液气味端选择指数与狼蛛和气味源间距离呈高度负相关。同时,研究结果发现狼蛛对果蝇体液气味比果蝇体表气味的反应更敏感。To evaluate the function of the wolf spider （Lycosa） olfactory during predation, the sensitivity of wolf spider a- gainst odorous and odorless sources of Drosophila melanogaster were compared laboratorially. At close distances, the selec- tion index of the wolf spider for the odorous tissue fluid was significantly higher than that of odorless source. The residence time also showed a similar changing trend. However, with the increasing of distance, the sensitivity of wolf spider against odorous source would be decreased. Significantly decreased selection index was observed when the distance was longer than 11 cm. Therefore, the sensitivity of wolf spider to the odor would be elevated along with the decreasing of the distance to the odorous source, whereas the sensitivity would be decreased as the distance increased. Moreover, the distance against odor- ous source showed clear correlation with the selection index. The result showed that the wolf spider had a high sensitivity to the odor of body fluid of D. melanogaster than the odor of tissue fluid.

关 键 词：狼蛛 化学感受器 体液 果蝇 

分 类 号：S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]