我国光伏产业困境的形成:路径、机理与政策反思  

The Formation of China's Photovoltaic Industry Dilemma: Path, Mechanism and Policy Reflection

作　　者：王文祥[1] 史言信[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学经济管理学院,江西南昌330013 [2]江西财经大学产业经济研究院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《当代财经》2014年第1期87-97,共11页Contemporary Finance and Economics

基　　金：江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目"基于产业链视角的中国光伏产业现状和促进政策研究"(JJ1310)

摘　　要：当前我国光伏产业的困境并非由于产业生命周期运动,而是产能相对于需求而言显著的阶段性过剩,而产能过剩的实质原因在于地方政府利用土地、金融和环保等体制缺陷对产业投资的不当干预,导致了光伏产业投资的"潮涌现象"。能源安全和环境保护的战略价值应该成为我国扶持光伏产业的基本动机。基于"市场失灵"这一内在逻辑的所谓"光伏新政"缺乏坚实的理论依据,也不可能产生合意的效果。首先,应加紧制定具体、合理、可操作性强的实施细则激励光伏产品的国内市场需求,培育国内光伏市场;其次,对产能过剩形成的深层体制缺陷应进行必要的改革,从源头上预防和治理我国产业经济发展中屡屡出现的产能过剩问题;最后,政府对产业的经济性管制应严格限于存在自然垄断和信息不对称的领域,避免管制的泛化和政府管制权力的无边界扩张。The current plight of China＇s photovoltaic industry is not due to the industry life cycle movement, but to the significant excessive production capacity in the stage in terms of the related de-mand. The substantial cause for the overcapacity lies in the improper interference with industrial in-vestment from the local government land use and the system defects in financial and environmental protection industries, which results in a ＂tide phenomenon＂ in the investment of photovoltaic indus- try. Energy security and environmental protection should be the strategic value of the basic motivation to support the PV industry in China. The so-called ＂PV New Policy＂ which is based on the inher- ent logic of ＂market failure＂ lacks of solid theoretical basis, it is impossible to produce desirable results. This paper suggests that, firstly, specific, reasonable and workable implementation rules should be worked out immediately to stimulate the domestic market demand for photovoltaic products, so as to cultivate the domestic PV market; secondly, the deep-lying system defects formed by excessive pro- duction capacity should be reformed, so as to prevent and deal with from the source the problem of excessive production capacity frequently appearing in China＇s industrial economic development; finally, the government＇s economic regulation on the industry should be strictly limited to the fields in which natural monopoly and asymmetric information exist, so as to avoid generalization of regulation and borderless expansion of government regulation power.

关 键 词：光伏产业 产能过剩 潮涌现象 体制缺陷 

分 类 号：F269.2[经济管理—国民经济]