表面活性剂乳化类型判定方法研究——体积平衡(VB)值法  

The Study on Methods For Determination of Emulsion Type of Surfactants——Methods for Volune Balance Value

作　　者：王鼎聪 

机构地区：[1]抚顺石油化工研究,抚顺市113001

出　　处：《表面活性剂工业》2000年第4期14-21,共8页

摘　　要：介绍了一种判定表面活性剂乳化类型的新方法——体积平衡(VB)值法。VB值是表面活性剂的亲水基与亲油基体积比。亲油基体积是亲油基中碳、氢原子共价半径的球体体积之和。亲水基体积色两种情况:非离子型表面活性剂亲本基体积是亲水基中原子共价半径的球体体积;离子型表面活性剂亲水基体积是阳离子或阴离于形成的水合离子的体积与疏水基离子的亲水部分的体积之和。试验结果表果,VB值大于1即为水包油型表面活性剂,VB值小于1则为油包水型表面活性剂。VB值是判定表面活性剂乳化类型及溶解性等性质的有效方法之一。VB值具有加和性。A new method of identifying emulsion type of surfactant is introduced-Volume Balance Value that is the ratio of hydrophilic group and lipophilic group volume in surfactant. The volume of lipophilic group is the sum of the covalent radius spheres of all C and H atoms in the lipophilic group. The volume of hydrophilic groups are classified into two forms, hydrophilic group volume of non-ion surfactant is the sum of volume of the covalent radius sphere of all the atoms in the hydrophilic group, The hydrophilic group volume in ion-surfactant includes the volume of the hydrous ion formed by anion or cation with hydrous layer and the volume of the hydrophilic part in the lipophilic group. The result shows that the surfactant is o/w emulsifying agent and water-soluble when the VB is more than 1, and is w/o emulsifying agent and oil-soluble when less than 1. VB value has additive property.

关 键 词：体积平衡值 表面活性剂 乳化剂 亲水基 亲油基 

分 类 号：TQ423[化学工程]