大气淡水在碎屑岩次生孔隙中的作用  

Roles of Meteoric Water on Secondary Porosity of Siliciclastic Reservoirs

作　　者：丁晓琪[1,2] 韩玫梅[2] 张哨楠[2] 伏美燕[1] 万友利[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学能源学院,成都610059 [2]西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,成都610500

出　　处：《地质论评》2014年第1期145-158,共14页Geological Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号40972098);国家自然科学基金青年基金(编号41302115);博士后科学基金(编号2012M511941)资助项目的成果

摘　　要：碎屑岩储层次生孔隙发育带的预测是油气勘探中寻找优质储层的一项重要内容,特别是对深层致密碎屑岩储层。碎屑岩储层次生孔隙的形成机理众多,大气淡水淋滤不稳定矿物形成的次生孔隙,由于后期成岩作用强烈改造而缺乏明显识别标志,在储层预测中并没有引起足够重视。本文通过国内外的一些实例,结合实验模拟水岩反应,研究大气淡水在同生—早成岩阶段和表生成岩阶段对碎屑岩储层的淋滤作用。研究结果表明碎屑岩储层中的次生孔隙与大气淡水有着密切的关系,大气淡水与不稳定矿物的反应主要发生在开放或半开放的成岩体系中,反应产物能够被及时带出,促使了水岩反应的持续进行和储集空间的增加。利用层序地层学,结合储层岩石学特征可以很好地预测由大气淡水淋滤形成的次生孔隙发育带。The key of finding high quality reservoirs in hydrocarbon exploration is predicting secondary porosity zones, especially in deeply tight silieiclastie reservoirs. Mechanism of forming secondary porosity is numerous in siliciclastic reservoirs and the mechanism of meteoric water leaching is ignored because minerals formed by dissolution of meteoric water in eodiagenesis were transformed by late diagenesis. Meteoric water leaching of siliciclastic rocks in eodiagenesis and epidiagenesis at home and abroad, and water--rock interaction of experimental imitation are studied by typical examples. Results show that there are close relationship between secondary porosity and meteoric water in silieielastic reservoirs. Reaction products can be taken away immediately, because the reaction of meteoric water and unstable minerals happens in open and semi-closed diagenetic systems, then water--rock interaction continues and secondary porosity increases. Secondary porosity zones caused by meteoric water leaching can be predicted by reservoirs petrophysics and sequence stratigraphy.

关 键 词：大气淡水 成岩作用 次生孔隙 水岩反应 碎屑岩储层 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]